ÜRETİM YÖNETİMİ

Facility Layout decisions are very important for organizations. Although there are many reasons for this, three main reasons are as follows:

Although the targets in the facility layout may differ according to the strategic plans of the enterprises, there are basic targets that apply to all systems in the efficient and safe execution of the production process.

Facility layout planning is the decision to determine the location of machines in a manufacturing facility, the location of tables and office machines in an office, and the locations of polyclinics in a hospital. An effective layout plan means the best flow of materials, people and information between departments. In order to achieve this aim, different approaches have been developed according to production processes and characteristics. Four basic approaches in this chapter are discussed.

The advantages of the process layout are listed below.

The limitations of the process layout are listed below.

The general characteristics of the product layout are summarized below.

•Since all facilities and resources are customized for the production of certain products, there is no flexibility when a new product is added to the system or when substantial changes to the product are required.

The cell layout, also called hybrid layout, is the layout that applies the advantages of both product layout and process layout together. In the cell layout, it is possible to process product groups formed by similar geometry or similar methods in the same section. Machines with different functions are used to produce a group of products together in a cell. In this way, each cell benefits from the advantages of the product layout when forming a production line. The simultaneous operation of more than one cell also means the flexibility of the process layout.

The number of products produced (volume) and the number of different products (variety) are important criteria for the selection of facility layout type.

The number of options in the process layout is calculated by the factorial of the number of workstations. For example, 5! = 1x2x3x4x5 = 120 different options can be created in a plant with five workstations.

Production flow analysis allows the parts to be analyzed and grouped to similarities.