ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜTLENME VE KÜRESEL YÖNETİŞİM - Deneme Sınavı - 9

Intergovernmental Organizations are defined as “entities created with sufficient organizational structure and autonomy to provide formal, ongoing, multilateral processes of decision making between states, along with the capacity to execute the collective will of their member states” (Volgy et al., 2008: 851).

The UN General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) play crucial roles in global social and economic governance. Both UN bodies contribute to standard-setting, norm entrepreneurship, interstate and state-civil society cooperation, and the codification of international law with regard to political, economic, humanitarian, social, and legal issues. The General Assembly and ECOSOC are based on the one state/one vote principle. While ECOSOC is the principal UN body that is mainly responsible for the UN’s economic and social programs.

Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) functions as a regional office under ECOSOC.

ECOSOC holds issue-based meetings under three main categories:
• High-Level Political Forum (HLPF)
• Annual Ministerial Review (AMR),
• Development Cooperation Forum (DCF).

Human security is defined by the UN General Assembly (Resolution 66/290) as “an approach to assist member states in identifying and addressing widespread and cross-cutting challenges to the survival, livelihood and dignity of their people” (www.un.org)

The UN Charter describes the four pillars of the UN as floows:
• Peace and Security
• Human Rights
• The Rule of Law
• Development

the theme of the report published by the UN in 2016 is Human Development for everyone

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO’s programmes contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015,” (//en.unesco.org/)

The USA has the highest voting weight in IMF’s decision making process

Each member has an equal voting right and, unlike the Security Council, no member has veto power.

The correct choice is D.

The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) introduced the concept ‘human security’ in its 1994 Human Development Report. Before 1994, the concept of security had been interpreted in a narrow sense that defined state security from the perspective of external aggression and national interests.

The correct choice is A.

The UN Charter describes the four pillars of the UN as floows:

Peace and Security

Human Rights

The Rule of Law

Development

The correct choice is B.

On December 10, 1948, only three years after the establishment of the United Nations, the General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which explicates basic civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights that all persons in every country should enjoy.

The correct choice is B.

UNESCO is one of the largest UN agencies that was created to increase “dialogue among civilizations, cultures, and peoples,” based on mutual respect, and to contribute toward peace and the eradication of poverty.

The IBRD aimed the post-war recovery and economic development.

The correct choice is C.

In broad terms, the Washington Consensus recommends that governments should:

reform their policies,

pursue macroeconomic stability by

controlling inflation and reducing fiscal

deficits,

open their economies to the rest of the

world through trade and capital account

liberalization,

liberalize domestic product and factor

markets through privatization and

deregulation.

The correct choice is D.

The Bandung Conference became a turning point in history; it had a profound influence on future international cooperation among “Southern” countries.

The correct choice is C.

Indonesia is a member of G-20.

The correct choice is A.

“Thucydides Trap” refers to the possibility of catastrophic wars that can erupt if an established power becomes too fearful of a rising power.

The correct choice is E.

Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is the principal UN body that is mainly responsible for the UN’s economic and social programs. The correct answer is A.