TÜRKÇE SES VE BİÇİM BİLGİSİ

Schwa(ə) is called a neutral vowel because it is produced with the tongue at rest position. "D" is the correct option.

Turkish has only one low vowel – ‘a’ as in ‘ağla’. The IPA symbol for ‘a’ is /a/. "A" is the correct option.

Backness has three degrees: Front, central, back. In Turkish, front vowels are /i/, /ı/, and /e/. There is only one central vowel which is [a]. Back vowels are /ü/, /u/, and /o/. "B" is the correct option.

/o/ is a mid back rounded vowel, so "E" is the correct option.

The word "key" has the sound /i/, whereas the others have /I/ sound. "C" is the correct option.

Only the word "add" has an /æ/ sound. "Head" and "best" have /ɛ/ sound. "Say" and "rain" have /e/ sound. "B" is the correct option.

Only the word "bus" has an /ʌ/ sound. The others have an /a/ sound. "D" is the correct option.

The word "dog" contains an /ɔ/ sound, whereas the others contain an /o/ sound. "D" is the correct option.

Only the word "royal" has the diphthong /oi/. The others have /au/ and /ai/ sounds. "A" is the correct option.

The sound /i/ is tense, high, front and unrounded. "E" is the correct option.

Production of vowels is different from that of consonants. In consonant
production there is a constriction somewhere in the vocal tract. Thus consonants are defined in terms of where and how this constriction occurs. In vowel production there is no constriction.

In describing consonants, a distinction between voiced and voiceless was
necessary as voicing is the only distinction for some consonants produced at the same place and in the same manner.Nonetheless, vowels are classified as high-low and front-back.

The reference point is the vowel ‘schwa’ , also called a neutral vowel because it is produced with the tongue at rest position.

The initial sounds of the following words contain high vowels; ‘isim’, ‘›rmak’,
‘üzüm’, ‘umut’. The IPA symbols for these vowels are /i/, , /y/, /u/, respectively.

There is only one central vowel which is [a].

One other phoneme that has three allophones is /a/.