TÜRKÇE SES VE BİÇİM BİLGİSİ - Deneme Sınavı - 4

The pair “hymn-gym” differ by only one sound, so it is a minimal pair. Thus, the correct answer is B.

The pair “tease-cease” differ by two sounds, the first and last sounds are /t-s/ and /z-s/ respectively. Thus, the correct answer is C.

The word “edit” is composed of four speech sounds while all the other words contain only three sounds. All the rest contain only three sounds each. Thus, the correct answer is E.

The word “madam” is composed of 5 letters and 5 sounds. Thus, the correct answer is D.

In the word “pacific”, the letter ‘c’ represents /s/ and /k/ respectively. Thus, the correct answer is E

Vowel Harmony can be considered a type of assimilation since neighboring vowels become alike to share common properties. So, the words "şişe, tekerlek, terlik, alet" have the plural suffix "-ler", whereas "toka" gets the plural suffix "-lar".

Production of vowels is different from that of consonants. In consonant
production there is a constriction somewhere in the vocal tract. Thus consonants are defined in terms of where and how this constriction occurs. In vowel production there is no constriction.

In describing consonants, a distinction between voiced and voiceless was
necessary as voicing is the only distinction for some consonants produced at the same place and in the same manner.Nonetheless, vowels are classified as high-low and front-back.

The reference point is the vowel ‘schwa’ , also called a neutral vowel because it is produced with the tongue at rest position.

The initial sounds of the following words contain high vowels; ‘isim’, ‘›rmak’,
‘üzüm’, ‘umut’. The IPA symbols for these vowels are /i/, , /y/, /u/, respectively.

There is only one central vowel which is [a].

One other phoneme that has three allophones is /a/.

The air passage above the larynx is known as the vocal tract. There are two cavities within the vocal tract: Oral tract and nasal tract. Therefore, the correct option is D.

The different parts of the vocal tract are called articulators. Articulators are the parts of the vocal tract that are used to produce sounds. Therefore, the correct option is A.

Consonants are described in terms of
• voicing (presence or absence of vocal cord vibration)
• place of articulation (where in the vocal tract sounds are produced)
• manner of articulation (how sounds are produced in terms of airflow)

Therefore, the correct option is E.

To be able to distinguish voiced consonants from voiceless ones, produce the sound /ssssss/, then follow it with /zzzzzz/. Then, alternate between /s/ and /z/ producing /sssszzzzsssszzzz…/. You should notice that both of these sounds are formed in the same way and in the same place. The only difference between /s/ and /z/ is voicing where /s/ is voiceless as there is no vocal cord vibration, /z/ is voiced as there is vocal cord vibration. Therefore, the correct option is E.