TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARI - Deneme Sınavı - 7

The right answer is C) acculturation

The right answer is  C)    

II. Culture is learned

III. Culture defines community

IV. Culture contains abstract ideas

The right answer is E)    Ecology, Social Structure and Ideology

The right answer is C).   

Norms are the standards accepted by a society and its individuals are expected to comply with them. They are the rules that define appropriate and inappropriate behavior (Bradley, 2002, p.94). Norms provide guidelines that regulate social life.

The right answer is A)   Age subcultures acc. to Solomon are as follows:

Interbellum Generation: People born at the turn of the 20th century.
Silent Generation: People born between the two World Wars.
War Babies: People born during World War II.
Baby Boomers: People born between 1946 and 1964
Generation X: People born between 1965 and 1985.
Generation Y: People born between 1986 and 2002.
Generation Z: People born after 2003.

Right answer is  B)

Generation X is the group involving the consumers who were born between 1965 and 1979 and therefore, developed values related to the significant changes during that period. It is the group that represents individualism in the cycle of generations. Gen Xers who needed to work harder, to begin working at an earlier age, to take more work home, and to do and get more felt that they needed to make a difference. With the increase in the labor force participation of women of this generation, Gen X also claimed its place in history as a period with a lower rate of childbirth. The people of this cohort were always raised all over the world with the motto “if you succeed, then you are happy”. Thus they always tried to take initiative, make a difference, be a leader, and compete with themselves (Kuran, 2019b).

The Right answer is A) Value Scales

In value scales, consumers are asked to answer a series of questions that intend to find out their thoughts about fundamental individual and social concepts, including freedom, comfort, national security, and peace. Based on responses given to these questions, cultural and individual values and attitudes that are of importance to consumers are identified (Er, 2019, p.118).

The Right answer is  A) Technical Learning 

Technical learning is the process educators instruct children in an educational environment as to what, how, and why it should be done (Schiffman et. al., 2012; 344).

THe answer is C) Education Subcultures. It is called Social class Subculture.

Subculture categories: Nationality or Ethnicity Subcultures, Religious Subcultures, Geographic or Regional Subcultures, Age Subcultures, Gender Subcultures, Social Class Subcultures.

Right answer is A) I,II and III  (IV is not Baby Boomers it is X generation ) 

Interbellum Generation: People born at the turn of the 20th century.
Silent Generation: People born between the two World Wars.
War Babies: People born during World War II.
Baby Boomers: People born between 1946 and 1964.
Generation X: People born between 1965 and 1985.
Generation Y: People born between 1986 and 2002.
Generation Z: People born after 2003.

Social class consists of a group of individuals who occupy a similar position in the economic system of production. The occupation within the system is very important as it offers financial incentives and benefits.

Social class is continuous rather than concrete, with individuals able to move into a higher social class or drop into a lower class. People can move to an upper class by a higher-level of education or move to a lower social class as result of a job loss.

According to Veblen, conspicuous consumption covers socioeconomic behaviours of high-income people who spend their money on luxury goods and services to display their social power and prestige. Conspicuous consumption refers to people’s desire to show visible evidence of their ability to afford luxury goods.

Social group memberships are not permanent and social groups are dynamic in nature which can change form and expand activities in time. Since groups provide opportunities to individuals to learn and socialise, people typically belong to many different social groups for many different reasons. For example, one could be a member of a sports team, camping group, college class, workplace, and more.

Being a part of a group (or groups) is important to people’s identities as it helps them define who they are as well as boosting their self-esteem and general well-being as mentioned above. According to the Social Identity Theory, an individual’s self-concept is defined by belonging to certain social groups (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Social identity is described as a part of the individual’s self-concept which derives from their knowledge of their membership of a social group or groups together with the value and emotional significance of that membership.

In any social group, various types of power to influence each other can be exerted by team members. Moreover, these different types of power are not mutually exclusive, and they are often used collectively.

Social power is the potential to change the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours of others in groups. Besides the social power of group members, the social group also has collective power. Social power is investigated by French and Raven (1959), and later Raven (1974) and categorized in five different types. In any social group, various types of power to influence each other can be exerted by team members. Moreover, these different types of power are not mutually exclusive, and they are often used collectively.

Legitimate Power is based on the recognition and acceptance of another person’s authority. Authority is often identified with uniform wearers, soldiers, police officers, doctors. For many years, toothpaste companies showed dentists’ wearing white coats, to utilize the legitimate power of dentists for influencing consumer purchase decisions.

Reference groups and their influences change for different consumption activities and product categories. For low involvement products or for products that are consumed privately, the influence of reference groups is less than it is for high involvement or specialty products. There are several categorizations for reference groups