RUSYA, ORTA ASYA VE KAFKASYA - Deneme Sınavı - 2

1. to contribute to the consolidation of their state structuring,

2. to preserve political and economic stability and promote regional cooperation,

3. to encourage political and economic reforms

4. to assist their integration with the international community and Euro-Atlantic structures

5. to develop bilateral relations in all fields on the basis of equality, mutual interest, and respect for sovereignty.

6. to support the transportation of their energy resources to international markets freely and through alternative routes (“Turkey ́s Relations,” 2020).

So, the current answer is the 'To encourage political and economic reforms'. All the other alternatives have some problems. 

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan

( Choice A, C) The failed coup in Moscow, which was established to save the USSR in Moscow, on 19-21 August, resulted in the separation of the Soviet republics from the USSR by declaring their independence. Azerbaijan declared independence on October 18, 1991.

(  Answer B) On June 4, 1993, Colonel Suret Hüseyinov, supported by Russia, made a coup in Ganja. With the help of pro-Russian political forces in the government and the Parliament, the Elchibey government was overthrown.

Choice D) After the 1994 ceasefire agreement, the President of Azerbaijan, Aliyev, eliminated armed opposition in the country. As a result of these activities, Prime Minister Hüseyinov and Former Defense Minister Rehim Gaziyev, preparing a coup
against him, had to flee the country. Although they started a rebellion against the government in March 1995, under the command of former Deputy Interior Minister Rovshen Javadov, the Special Forces of former Karabakh veterans, they
failed. With the elimination of this unit by the army, armed opposition units in Azerbaijan were ended. Javadov was the last armed revolt in Aliyev’s
Azerbaijan and the turning point after which the government regained its monopoly on the use offorce (Cornell, 2001, pp. 300–302).

Choice E) is related to “Agreement of the Century,” (choice  D) the 1994 ceasefire agreement, the President of Azerbaijan, Aliyev, eliminated armed opposition in the country. As a result of these activities, Prime Minister Hüseyinov and Former Defense Minister Rehim Gaziyev, preparing a coup against him, had to flee the country One of the most important events of the Aliyev period was the signing of the Oil Agreements, which went down in history with the name of the “Agreement of the Century,” signed in Baku on September 20, 1994. In addition to Western oil companies, Turkish and Russian oil companies were also included in this agreement. This clearly shows that Aliyev was following a balanced policy in foreign politics.  The right answer is B.

Coups in Moscow and Ganja:

The military took full control of Baku within a few hours. Nevertheless, on January 20, 1990, Moscow essentially lost Azerbaijan. Immediately after the intervention, the President of the Azerbaijan SSR Communist Party, Abdurrahman Vezirov, was dismissed and replaced by Ayaz Mütellibov, then Chairman of the Council of Ministers. From the first day of his government, Müttelibov tried to rule the country only with Moscow’s decisions, which later led to the unification of all opposition forces against him.  The failed coup in Moscow, which was established to save the USSR in Moscow, on 19-21 August, resulted in the separation of the Soviet republics from the USSR by declaring their independence. Azerbaijan declared independence on October 18, 1991. On June 4, 1993, Colonel Suret Hüseyinov, supported by Russia, made a coup in Ganja. With the help of pro-Russian political forces in the government and the Parliament, the Elchibey government was overthrown.

The Bishkek Protocol During the presidency of Ter-Petrosian from 1991 to 1998, the Republic of Armenia experienced important events both in its domestic and foreign policy. Although Ter Petrosian tried to present the Karabakh problem to international organizations as the problem of Armenians living in Nagorno- Karabakh, not Armenia, the war between Azerbaijan and Armenia (1992-1994) also coincided with his term. This war resulted in the occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh and 7 Azerbaijani districts around it by the Armenian armies due to the internal situation in Azerbaijan. The Bishkek Protocol, which provides a ceasefire between these two states, was signed in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan’s capital, on May 14, 1994 (Bell, 2005, p. 326). The right answer E.