PSİKOLOJİ

The criteria used while defining abnormal behaviors are divergence from the norms, personal disorder, and divergence from the ideals. The correct answer is A.

While some take childhood life a criterion when defining abnormal behaviors, others take present time as the criterion. Some approaches, on the other hand, suggest that behaviors are determined through external factors. At this point, there are four main approaches.
• Psychodynamic Approach
• Cognitive Behaviorist Approach
• Humanist – Existentialist approach
• Sociocultural Approach

The correct answer is A.

Psychodynamic approach was developed by Sigmund Freud. The correct answer is B.

Id wants immediate gratification of its desires. The motivating forces for the id is the libido, which is the body’s pleasure seeking (sexual pleasure) force. The correct answer is C.

Cognitive content is about whether a person thinks negatively or positively about certain situations. The correct answer is C.

In mood disorders, emotions of depression or euphoria are so strong that they intrude on everyday living. Disorders such as major depression and bipolar disorder are some examples. The correct answer is C.

The name given to fear of darkness is nyctohylophobia. The correct answer is D.

Hypochondriasis refers to the situation when an individual is too much interested in his/her body functions and develops irrational beliefs about disorders or illnesses affecting the functions of his/her internal organs. The correct answer is D.

The types of schizophrenia are simple schizophrenia, paranoid schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, and hebephrenia schizophrenia. The correct answer is E.

Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with oneself. People with narcissistic personality disorder believe they are superior or special. They have the following symptoms:
• Exaggerate own importance
• He/or she is preoccupied with fantasies of success, power, beauty, intelligence
• Requires constant attention and admiration from others
• Has unreasonable expectations of favorable treatment
• Takes advantage of others to reach his or her own goals
• Disregards the feelings of others, lacks empathy
• Is often envious of others or believes other people are envious of him or her
• Shows arrogant behaviors and attitudes.

The correct answer is E.