PSİKOLOJİ

The trichromatic theory is based on the idea that the light of a particular wave length stimulates the three different receptor mechanisms, each with different spectral sensitivities (also called Young – Helmhotz theory of color vision). These three colors are red, green, and blue.

Texture Gradient: Elements that are equally spaced in a scene appear to be more closely packed as distance increases.

Occlusion: This is a result of nearer objects covering up part of farther objects.

Linear perspective: Parallel lines appear to converge in depth.

Oculomotor cues are based on our ability to sense the position of our eyes and the tension in our eye muscles.

There are four principles of law of proximity that the Gestalt psychologists proposed to explain how perceptual grouping occurs: Grouping by (a) proximity; (b) common region; (c) connectedness and (d) synchrony.

Olfactory adaptation is the reduction in response to a continuing smell.

Human ear consists of three parts inner, outer and middle ear. Sound travels at a constant speed in the air. A sound wave is defined by three components: frequency, amplitude and phase.

The animals, which have a highly developed sense of smell are macrosmatic.

Humans are sensitive to mostly four tactile sensations: pressure (touch), pain, warmth and cold.

Stimulus exists both in the environment, and within our body. Stimulus in the environment has two aspects: environmental stimulus and attended stimulus. Thus, the answer is B.

Absolute threshold is explained as the energy level at which the lowest level stimulus is noticed or discerned by the human senses, including vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch. Thus, the aswer is A.

The rods aren’t located in the fovea and the density increases toward the periphery. For this reason, the rods provide periphery detection while the cones are responsible for seeing the center. Therefore, the answer is C.

Options A, B, C, and E are not true matches. Texture gradient refers to elements that are equally spaced in a scene appear to be more closely packed as distance increases. Thus, the answer is D.

There are four principles of law of proximity that the Gestalt psychologists proposed to explain how perceptual grouping occurs: Grouping by (a) proximity; (b) common
region; (c) connectedness and (d) synchrony. Clarity is not among these principles. Thus, the answer is B.

A sound wave is defined by two components: frequency and phase. The other options A, C, D, and E include false information regarding the auditory system. Therefore, the answer is B.

Losing the ability to smell is called anosmia. Therefore, the answer is C.

Living species stay away from things that are usually 'bitter'. Filiform papillae does not contain taste buds. The whole tongue contains about 10,000 taste buds, and there are 40 and 100 taste cells on a bud. The last option that says 'Taste ensures that we stay away from toxic and harmful things' is true. Thus, the answer is E.

Fingertips have far more touching cells than other regions; therefore, they are more sensitive to touch than other parts of the body. Thus, the answer is B.

Stimulus in the environment has two aspects: environmental stimulus and attended stimulus. Let me explain with an example. Imagine that you are walking in a park where there are lots of stimuli that you can potentially perceive such as trees, banks, birds, etc. These are environmental stimuli. When you are walking in the park a distinctive leaf captures your attention. Then, you reliaze that this thing is not a leaf; it is a leaf-shaped bug. Thus, you focus on the bug. The bug becomes the center of your attention. In other words, it becomes the attended stimulus. If you shift your attention (for example, David Beckham comes into the park for running), your attended stimulus also changes (David Beckham).

Absolute  threshold is explained as the energy level at which the lowest level stimulus is noticed or discerned by the human senses, including vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch. For example, the lowest amount of salt in a glass is noticed by stimulating your sensory system.

The difference threshold refers to is the lowest noticeable change in the intensity of the stimulus. It occurs depending on how great the intensity of the stimulus is. For example, if you lift a five-kilogram and a ten-kilogram dumbbell consecutively, you can notice the difference. However, if you lift 100 kilos and then 105 kilos, the difference is most likely indistinguishable.

Transduction is the transformation of one form of energy into another form of energy.

The correct answer is C.