POLİTİKA BİLİMİ

Aristotle said centuries ago that man is by nature and
necessity a social and political animal

Modern writers prefer the use of the term ‘Political Science’ to ‘Politics’. So the suggestion E is not correct.

David Easton a Behavioral turned Post-Behavioral political scientist defined Politics
as “the authoritative allocation of values that are binding on the society”. The correct answer is A.

The most illustrative book of the historical approach in political science is George
H. Sabine’s A History of Political Theory. The correct answer is A.

The development of Political Science as a discipline can be traced back to the 4th century
BCE.

The development of Political Science as a discipline can be traced back to the 4th century BCE. It was the Greeks that separated the subject from theology for the first time. The correct answer is E.

The Legal approach stands for an attempt to understand politics in terms of law. It focuses on the legal and constitutional framework in which different organs of government have to function and the powers and procedure which makes their actions legally valid. The correct answer is D.

During the 1960’s, Behavioralism received new challenges from within. The correct answer is C.

According to him theoretical
politics includes:
• The Theory of the State
• The Theory of Government
• The Theory of Legislation and
• The Theory of State as an Artificial Person

According to him theoretical
politics includes four divides. The correct answer is C.

In the Marxian approach to political analysis, politics is thus conceived in terms of the specific articulation of
class struggles.

The great Greek political thinker Aristotle said centuries ago that man is by nature and necessity a social and political animal. According to Aristotle, he who is unable to live in society or who has no need for it, because he should be sufficient for himself, must be either a beast or a god.

According to Robert A. Dahl, politics is a universal activity. Whether an individual likes it or not everyone in a society is tossed into the arena of politics. To him, “a citizen encounters politics in the government of a country, town, school, church, business firm, trade union, club, political party, and a host of organizations. Politics is one of the unavoidable facts of human existence. Everyone is involved in some fashion at sometime in some kind of political system.

In its classical form Political Science had its origin in the ancient Greek city-states. The oriental people had speculated on the state and its problems even before the Greeks. But they did not develop Political Science in a pure and systematic form. Thus, historically the term ‘Politics’ itself was derived from the Greek words ‘Polis’ (city-state), ‘Polity’ (government), and ‘Politeia’ (constitution).

To the Greeks, Politics is everything that touches the life of the state. Thus Aristotle called Politics as the ‘master science’. For the Greek, ‘Political’ then pertains to whatever is done within or by the State.

Frederick Pollock divides politics into theoretical politics and practical or applied politics. According to him theoretical politics includes:

• The Theory of the State

• The Theory of Government

• The Theory of Legislation and

• The Theory of State as an Artificial Person

The central focus of interest of Political Science or Political scientists in all over the world is that of the political aspects of human relations in society. In this sense, Political Science is the scientific designation of the subject of our study. This name, “Political Science,” was accepted by some Political Scientists at a conference held on 16 September 1948 under the auspices of the UNESCO.

Aristotle, the father of Political Science, regarded it as the master science. Scholars such as Jean Bodin, Thomas Hobbes and Henry Sidgwick also held the same view. But writers such as Frederic W. Maitland and Auguste Comte maintain that there can be no such thing as a scientific study of state and government. They agree with Edmund Burke that there is no science in Politics.

Rajeev Bhargava points out that the word ‘political’ refers to decision-making within and about the community.

Michael Curtis remarks that ‘Politics is organized dispute about power and its use, involving choice among competing values, ideas, persons, interests and demands’.

Frederick Pollock divides politics into theoretical politics and practical or applied politics (Pruthi, 2005: 65-66). According to him theoretical politics includes:
• The Theory of the State
• The Theory of Government
• The Theory of Legislation and
• The Theory of State as an Artificial Person

"The Theory of State as a Natural Person" is not included in this definition.