MALİYET VE YÖNETİM MUHASEBESİ - Deneme Sınavı - 11

Determining which basis to decide is the first stage of decision making activity

Programmed (Routine) Decisions: Programmed decisions are routinely repeated decisions.

Decisions related to the implementation of general plans and programs are called operational decisions.

Variable cost is not among the costs for decision making

Relevant Cost: These are the costs affected by the decisions to be taken and are therefore obligatory to be taken into account in a managerial decision.

Expected Profit = Expected Revenue – Expected
Expenditure

= 14.000 - 11.000

= 3.000

Net Economic Earning = Expected Profit –
Opportunity Cost

= 3.000 - 1.200

= 1.800 TL

Many managers prefer currently achievable standards to the ideal standards. Because these standards reflect the production process that is as efficient as possible under normal conditions.

The difference is that for labor cost, purchasing and consumption incur at the same time.

The difference between the actual results and budgeted amounts is called “variance”.

In order to use their time more effectively, managers separate the deviations as significant and insignificant deviations and follow up only the material ones. This is called management by exceptions.

Currently achievable standards reflect the production process that is as efficient as possible under normal conditions. These standards allow for inefficiencies and imperfections at a reasonable level, and it should be kept in mind that, in intensely competitive environments, the allowed level of inefficiency may negatively affect the success of operations.

Classification According to Updating Frequency: The two contrast types of standards are “fixed standards” and “kaizen (continuous-improvement) standards”. Fixed standards are determined for the conditions at the beginning and not changed for many years. Kaizen standards are exactly opposite of fixed standards because they require continuous updating by their nature. These standards are continuous-improvement standards that reflect planned improvements year by year.

Classification According to the Level of Participation to Standard Setting Process: The standards are called either “authoritative standards” or “participative standards” depending on the level of inclusion of others in the standard-setting process.

Traditional standard costing systems are blamed for focusing too much on the efficiency of direct labor, which loses its relative value in modern production systems. Therefore, this is not one of the benefits; it shows a drawback.

A standard cost sheet is a record that specifies the details of standard costs (including both price and quantity) for all manufacturing factors needed for producing one unit.

The rate refers to the amount of cost allocated to each unit of the allocation base.

Flexible budget is the budget that adjusts the revenues and expenses according to actual sales volume.

Direct labor price variance = (Actual rate - Budgeted rate) x Actual labor hours worked

Direct labor price variance = (15 - 13) x 43,200 = 86,400TL (U)

E is not one of them.

ıt should be decision