KÜRESEL POLİTİK EKONOMİ

With the Industrial Revolution, population growth has been experienced and with the mechanization in the agricultural sector, the same piece of land has been able to feed more people. The Industrial Revolution began in England in the second half of the 18th century. Doğru yanıt " A " dır.

Manchester liberalism is the name of the movement that carried out by people who advocate the idea of free exchange and the principles of liberal economics in England in the nineteenth century. Doğru yanıt " B " dir.

In 1871, the UK rose to a monetary hegemon status with the spread of the gold standard. During the gold standard era, Britain was a major exporter of financial capital. London has become the center of world gold, money and financial markets. This has been an important reason for other countries to adopt the gold standard. Doğru yanıt " C " dir.

The United Nations is an international organization that brings together 193
countries in order to work together for international peace and security, to develop friendly relationships, to promote and develop social progress, better living standards and human rights. Doğru yanıt " D " dir.

The period of the Cold War was the period from the post-World War II to the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, which is dominated by two ideological blocks led by two superpowers (USA and USSR) in political, economic and military terms. Doğru yanıt " E " dir.

The European Single Act is the treaty that has undergone radical changes in the Treaty of Rome, which officially initiated the European Union single market and European Political Cooperation. Doğru yanıt " A " dır.

The Council of Europe, together with the Copenhagen Criteria, has agreed that the enlargement of the European Union will include Central Eastern European Countries and also covers the criteria that countries applying for candidacy must meet before being admitted to full membership. Doğru yanıt " B " dir.

The aim of the social market economy is to integrate the principles of freedom and social equality in the market. Doğru yanıt " C " dir.

In the second half of the 19th century in Japan, the westernization initiated by the Emperor Mutsuhito is called The Meiji Restoration (1868-1912). Doğru yanıt " D " dir.

In 1957, the Taiwan Bank began to give cheap export credits, and in 1958 the government started to implement the Foreign Exchange and Trade Reform Plan. In 1960, the government made three important reforms. Firstly, Investment Incentive Law was enacted to promote Foreign Direct Investment, including domestic investment. The second is the indexing of wages to the exchange rate. Thirdly, export incentive was formed and tariffs was reduced for the purpose of the increase of exports. In the mid-1960s, special factories, export regions and other additional incentives were used to increase exports. As a result of the measures taken, since the 1960s, Taiwan’s trade policy has been realized the transition to export-oriented industrialization policy. Doğru yanıt " E " dir.

The Navigation Act (1651) helped the UK to achieve a great success in foreign trade and to form a strong trading network. Therefore, the correct choice is A.

Britain’s open-door policy rather than protectionism is the free trade doctrine which applied long after the Seven Years’ War between England and France. Therefore, the correct choice is B.

The UK was the spokesperson of the conservative reaction of the old regimes in Europe and acted against the danger posed by the French Revolution. Therefore, the correct choice is D.

The US opposed to the idea of colonial empire since it gained its independence from the British Empire. Therefore, the correct choice is B.

A fixed exchange rate system based on the gold standard was implemented. The US dollar was fixed to the gold and the other countries’ currencies were priced according to the dollar. Therefore, the correct choice is B.

The collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971 ended the classical period of US hegemony. Therefore, the correct choice is A.

The Schengen Treaty, signed in 1985, enabled many member states to travel without passport control at the border. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

A country has to fully ensure the Copenhagen Criteria in order to participate in the EU. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

The (Legislative) Council of the European Union provides and provisions the general goals, however it does not have the power to make the law. Therefore, the correct choice is E.

One of the main factors in the revival of the Japanese economy is the implementation of the Dodge Plan and the beginning of the Korean War. Therefore, the correct choice is D.