KÜRESEL GÜNEY VE YÜKSELEN GÜÇLER

Lesotho, an independent country, is an enclave in the eastern part of the republic, entirely surrounded by South African territory. The answer is A.

South Africa has three cities that serve as capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein. Johannesburg, the largest urban area in the country and a center of commerce, lies at the heart of the populous Gauteng province. Durban, a port on the Indian Ocean, is a major industrial centre. East London and Port Elizabeth, both of which lie along the country’s southern coast, are important commercial, industrial, and cultural centres. The answer is B.

The Afrikaners are descendants of Europeans who arrived in South Africa in the seventeenth century. They speak their own language, Afrikaans, which is derived from Dutch. The Afrikaners originate from the first permanent settlement of Dutch colonists in 1652, though their development has also been influenced by the French Huguenots (Protestants) who came to South Africa as they fled from Catholic France, as well as by German settlers. The white population in the Cape numbered 240,000 by the mid-1870s and constituted about one-third of the colony’s population. Although by this time some two-thirds of the settler population spoke Dutch or Afrikaans, political power rested largely with an English-speaking elite of merchants, lawyers, and landholders. The answer is C.

Apartheid is mainly used for describing the political system of South Africa until 1994 in which people of different races are separated. The answer is D.

After the killing of black protestors in Sharpeville, it became clear that apartheid could never be overcome by peaceful means alone. The correct answer is A.

Nelson Mandela became the first President of South Africa in 1994 after the end of the apartheid. The answer is D.

The most important domestic agency created during Mandela’s presidency was the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), which was established to review atrocities committed during the apartheid years. It was set up in 1995 under the leadership of Archbishop Tutu and was given the power to grant amnesty to those found to have committed “gross violations of human rights” under extenuating circumstances. The commission released the first five volumes of its final report on October 29, 1998, and the remaining two volumes on March 21, 2003.

South Africa is the only African country in G-20. The answer is A.

BRICS (acronym of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is an intergovernmental group, gathering five major emerging national economies. Chile is not a member of BRICS. The answer is D.

Since 1994, post-apartheid South Africa has followed a foreign policy-oriented mainly toward the strengthening of South-South relations.  Positioning South Africa as a country of the South and promoting South-South relations emerged as the priority issue in foreign policy for each successive government. The answer is A.

African Studies Association (ASA) suggests that South Africa is regarded as the most influential country in Sub-Saharan Africa.

South Africa is a regional leader and its position in the broader or global political system as a possible middle power. Another term used to describe South Africa (together with Brazil and India) is ‘emerging regional power.’

The government of South Africa, controlled by the minority white population enforced segregation between government-defined races in housing, education, and virtually all spheres of life, creating in effect three nations: one of the whites (consisting of peoples primarily of British and Dutch [Boer] ancestry); one of the blacks; and one of “Coloreds” (mixed-race people) and ethnic Asians (Indians,  Malays, Filipinos, and Chinese).

The correct answer is Nelson Mandela's winning the elections.

The correct answer is (A).

Whatever intentions the missionaries may have had, their efforts undermined African worldviews and contributed to the destruction of traditional African communities throughout South Africa.

The Afrikaners are descendants of Europeans  who arrived in South Africa in the seventeenth century. They speak their own language, Afrikaans, which is derived from Dutch.

A national convention, which was met in Durban in 1908–09, drafted a constitution, opting for a unitary state with Dutch and English as official languages and with parliamentary sovereignty

As Sidiropoulos underlines, soft power is the ability of states to achieve desired outcomes without the use of hard force because as Nye says, other countries admire its values, emulate its example, and aspire to its level of prosperity and openness.

BRICS (acronym of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is an intergovernmental group, gathering five major emerging national economies. More specifically, the central aim of BRICS is to lobby for the reform of the global trade, economic, and political systems In spite of its relative smallness in terms of economy, population and size, South Africa officially became a member of BRICS in 2010.