KALİTE YÖNETİMİ - Deneme Sınavı - 6

When data is countable like defective/ non defective, available/ unavailable, conforming/ nonconforming, etc. to the specifications, the attribute control charts are used.

The reasons for preferring individual charts are as follows:

• Every unit can be measured by technologically;

• Production rate is quite low since the number of production is low;

• There is little variation in production;

• The test method is destructive.

The origin of statistical process control (SPC) dates back to 1931.

The Five M’s that affect a process are: manpower, machine, material, method,
and measurements.

Process is defined by Cambridge Dictionary process as “a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result”.

Main reason of the consequences mentioned in the question is the fact that ethics and quality management are interrelated.

First step of the Continuous Improvement Process Model is setting the stage for process improvement.

The issues mentioned in the question are dealed in the 5th step of the Continuous Improvement Process Mode.

Both concepts focus on customer needs.

The muda mentioned in the question is over processing.

Jidoka is a Japanese term used for “Autonomation — automation with human intelligence”.

Kaizen requires little investment for practical requirements but great effort to maintain it.

To save warehouse space is a prominent aim of Just-In-Time system.

To find out what the potential solutions to be implemented in improvement stage, Cause Validation and Future State VSM tools should be used.

To find out what is the current state of the process and which data should be collected in measure stage, one should prefer the tools Waste categorization and Process Capability analysis.

If a company starts the Data Collection from own organization and the benchmarking partner, The Deployment phase is the subject.

A process has five main features (Özay 2003, p. 19): 1. Definability: Determination of the main elements/ activities. 2. Measurability: It is the feature of the process to be monitored with performance criteria. 3. Repeatability: It is the ability of the output that is formed as a result of processing the inputs that activate the process to meet the customer needs and requirements continuously. 4. Controllability: It is the ability of the process managers who are always aware of the performance of the process and can take corrective actions when necessary. 5. Value added capability: It is an ability to have a positive effect on the quality of the output of the process and the satisfaction of the customer

The benefits of management with processes:

• The processes, sub-processes and activities are defined as process map, procedures, and instructions. Therefore, every employee can work at the same format in an organization.

• Process performance indicators are defined, measured and reviewed periodically. The problems or barriers can be seen clearly. By eliminating these problems or barriers, the process can be improved according to its performance criteria.

• The relationships and interactions of the process are defined. By this way, the activities can be planned more accurately.

There are a number of features that the standards used for production and/or service delivery in enterprises should have. Accordingly, standards (Algan, 2015, p. 3), • prioritize the safety of human health, life and property, • ensure the uniformity of products and / or services, • require the production of quality products and / or services, • require that they are produced especially economically in accordance with the intended use, • are based on the verified results of scientific, technical and experimental research, and • are proven for accuracy.

Although the main benefit of defining quality standards and producing according to these standards seems to be customer satisfaction, quality standards have many other benefits, some of which are as follows (TÜRKAK, 2019):

• Ensuring productivity in production and increasing profitability, • Increasing employee motivation, • Yielding stronger competitive power in national / international sectors, • Helping to achieve sustainability, • Facilitating the increase of market share by increasing trade volume, • Strengthening the perception of reputation for goods or services, • Helping to increase the level of quality and reliability