JEOPOLİTİK STRATEJİ

The energy security problem is a policy area that emerged as a result of the proliferation of oil use and the expansion of security understanding. After the rapid development of technology, the transformation of energy sources into an important element of defence, economy and social functioning has shown the importance of the energy element in ensuring the security of a state.

As a result, it is seen that strategic importance both of Babül Mendap Strait with Suez Canal and Basra Gulf with Hormuz Strait have increased with energy security concerns. This situation caused these waterways and canals to take an important place in the Middle East geopolitics.

As a result of developing technology, communication and transportation opportunities, the perception of threats of states cannot only be achieved by protecting the national borders with changed national security and a widely accepted security concept that is more effective in solving problems at its source are becoming widespread. The radical movements that apply to terrorist acts have also been one of the threats in this context

Another geostrategic implementation of Iran is planned through energy security. The basis of this geostrategy is the Strait of Hormuz, which is the gateway to the oceans of Persian gulf among Iran, UAE and Oman. Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and UAE export petroleum products through the Persian Gulf, namely the Strait of Hormuz.

Russia’s geostrategy in the Middle East has been established to protect Iran-Syria pipeline and to prevent the Kurdish Corridor project supported by the EU and USA. In this context, the greatest support for the Assad regime in the Syrian Civil War came from Russia. The Assad regime was supported by Russia in the political, economic and military arena.

One of the factors that gave importance to African geopolitics in the 21st Century was the factor of the fight against terrorism. Africa is a continent that has been subjected to the harshest and merciless practices of colonialism since the 16th century.

After recognizing the independence of the former colonies, France has maintained a deep bond with them called French Africa today, in political, social, cultural and economic dimensions. In this context, France has effectively used this organization to reach the natural resources and markets of the African countries in its interests

After the attack on 9/11 in 2002, the United States formed the United Allied Task Force Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) in line with the Bush Doctrine and the concept of anti-terrorism in its foreign policy. The Union was established to combat the Al-Qaeda’s Maghreb.

When we look at the activities of the initiative, we see an effort to redesign the region by clearing the region under its responsibility from the Al-Qaeda’s alien version and other radical terrorist organizations. The most important benefit of the initiative is its gains in establishing regional cooperation and coordination in the fight against terrorism and other issues

The Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership TS was established in 2005, which can be regarded as the continuation of the Pan Sahel Initiative. Since 2005, TSCTP has carried out a series of operations called “Operation Enduring Freedom-Trans Sahara”.

Alfred Mahan first used the term Middle East in 1902

Morocco is in Africa and is considered part of the Middle East only when the term is used in its broader sense

Egypt hosts the Suez Canal

Border security is not one of these four elements

Arab states decided to use oil as political leverage after the Arab-Israeli war in 1973

The Hormuz Strait connects Persian Gulf to the oceans

Zaidiyyah is a sub-group of Shiite Islamic belief

Iran supports the Shiite Houthis in Yemen

Russia has a military base in Syria

Nigeria is not one of these so-called French Africa countries.