İŞLETMEYE GİRİŞ

The contingency approach emphasizes that leadership style and best managerial approach change according to environmental factors. Leadership styles and the best managerial approach change according to environmental factors, which means that there is no single “best style”. By definition the business environment is not stable. The composition of internal factors such as financial, technological, and human resources as well as external factors such as economic, political, social, and cultural dynamics shape the leadership style.

The correct answer is E.

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals based on the statements and expectations.

The contingency approach emphasizes that leadership style and best managerial approach change according to environmental factors. Different contingency theories examine the match between the leadership approach and the environmental composition. The correct answer is A.

Vertical communication refers to communication channels between hierarchical levels either in the downward or upward direction. Downward communication is the channel from top managerial levels to the rest of the organization. Upward communication follows a route from bottom to top, that is from employees to managers at any hierarchical level.Horizontal communication forms between positions and tasks at the same hierarchical level.Informal communication occurs outside the formal communication based on personal relations.The correct answer is C.

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals based on the statements and expectations. The correct answer is E.

Planning is identifying goals and deciding which tasks that will be performed and the resources that will be utilized for attaining these goals. The correct answer is D.

Management is a process of a sequence of functions: 

The correct answer is D.