İŞLETMEYE GİRİŞ - Deneme Sınavı - 2

Import substitution is an economic policy which defends replacing foreign imports with domestic products.

The contingency approach emphasizes that leadership style and best managerial approach change according to environmental factors. Leadership styles and the best managerial approach change according to environmental factors, which means that there is no single “best style”. By definition the business environment is not stable. The composition of internal factors such as financial, technological, and human resources as well as external factors such as economic, political, social, and cultural dynamics shape the leadership style.

The correct answer is E.

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals based on the statements and expectations.

The contingency approach emphasizes that leadership style and best managerial approach change according to environmental factors. Different contingency theories examine the match between the leadership approach and the environmental composition. The correct answer is A.

Vertical communication refers to communication channels between hierarchical levels either in the downward or upward direction. Downward communication is the channel from top managerial levels to the rest of the organization. Upward communication follows a route from bottom to top, that is from employees to managers at any hierarchical level.Horizontal communication forms between positions and tasks at the same hierarchical level.Informal communication occurs outside the formal communication based on personal relations.The correct answer is C.

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals based on the statements and expectations. The correct answer is E.

Planning is identifying goals and deciding which tasks that will be performed and the resources that will be utilized for attaining these goals. The correct answer is D.

Management is a process of a sequence of functions: 

The correct answer is D.

Many environmental factors and developments in business like global competition, workforce diversity, downsizing, reengineering, and outsourcing influence human resource management functions in all industries.

Organizational factors affecting human resource management are the size of the organizations, environmental climate, top management, structure of the organization and the sector, and the characteristics of the industry that the organization operates. Seniority is the factor of workface diversity that affects human resources management.

There is not only one and the best way for managing human
resources. Based on size, sector, employee numbers, financial
situation, employee skills and location, each company develops
its own HRM program.

Human resource planning is the process of assessing the future human resource need, determining the availability of the type of people needed and creating plans for how to meet the need.The correct answer is C.

Options A,B and C are advantages of external recruiting sources whereas option D is a disadvantage of external recruiting.

It is clear that using internal recruiting sources causes a succession of promotions. The correct answer is E.

Options B,C,D and E are disadvantages of using internal recruiting sources. However, option A is a disadvantage of using external recruiting sources. The correct answer is A.

Off-the-job-training involves training methods such as conferences, classroom groups, mobile learning, audiovisual techniques, lectures, computer-based training, and internet-based training.well as it improves employee morale.47 Off-the-job-training takes place at locations away from the work site. This approach offers a controlled environment and allows focused study without interruptions. Conferences, classroom groups, mobile learning, audiovisual techniques, lectures, computer-based training and internetbased training are some of the techniques for offthe-job-training.

A salary is a consistent payment made each period regardless of number of hours worked. The correct answer is E.

Compensations is the total of all rewards provided employees in return for work and services performed. The correct answer is E.

Internal recruiting or hiring from within the organization means using various sources developed and managed inside the organization. Hiring from within the organization generally relies on job posting and employee referrals. One of the best sources for individuals who will perform effectively on the job is a recommendation from a current employee. Many organizations have found that their employees can serve an important role in the recruitment process by actively soliciting applications from their friends and associates.

If a company cannot reach new employees by internal recruiting, it needs to open up recruiting activities to outside of the company. A number of methods are available for external recruitment methods. These are advertising, online recruitment, employment agencies, and college recruiting.

The correct answer is B.

The compensation program has three components: base compensation, pay incentives, and benefits.

The basic compensation that an employee receives, usually as a wage or salary, is called base pay. In addition to the basic wage, organizations that are committed to developing a compensation system may prefer to use incentive pay programs. Pay incentives can be defined as compensations that reward employees for their high performance. 

Currently, employees expect more than just an hourly wage or salary from their employers; they expect additional considerations that will enrich their lives and support work-life balance. Therefore, many organizations offer benefit programs which are almost 40 percent of the typical total compensation package for employees. A benefit is an indirect reward given to an employee or a group of employees as a part of organizational membership. Training support, discounts for the company’s products, lunch, workplace medical services, and transportation are among benefits that a company provides to its employees.

The correct answer is A.

All of these trends shape HRM.