İŞLETME KARAR MODELLERİ

The important issues are alternatives, objective and the outcomes of the alternatives for the decision making process. The issues about the past decisions and objective occurrence possibility are not related to a basic decision making process. The answer is B.

Finite alternatives is not an negative issue for decision making. On the contrary, the evaluation and decision process will be easy if there are limited alternatives. But the scarce information, risk attitude, uncertainty and negative physiological factors are the issues that makes the decision process more complicated. The answer is E.

The values of alternatives and events are outcomes. The answer is A.

The determination of all possible future outcomes for each decision alternative is the reason for considering the alternatives comprehensively and selection of the best alternative. Answer is B.

In this last step, according to the outcomes of the events, the most appropriate alternative is selected. It is considered as the decision that gives the best solution according to the determined objective. Then, the decision-making process ends. The answer is B.

In decision making under certainty, the decision maker knows outcomes of events for each decision alternative. In this case, because the decision maker knows everything about the problem, it is easier to make the best decision. The answer is C.

Decision makers have information about the probability of occurrence of each events. The probability value can be known precisely or predicted. These possibilities can be obtained from the personal opinions of the decision-maker, from the statistical records held in the enterprise, from expert opinions, from market research. The answer is E.

In that case,

The mentioned person- represents the decision maker

Weather forecast reports - represents the states for decision making about taking an umbrella or not

Taking an umbrella - represents the chosen best alternative,

Not taking an umbrella - represents the other alternative.

The answer is A.

Decision maker has no information and knowledge about outcomes of the events or probability of occurrence of the events. In cases where there is no level of information or knowledge about the outcomes of events, the decision is given under uncertainty. 

But,

When the decision have information about the probabilities of occurrence of the events, the decision making environment is called “decision making under risk”.

The answer is D.

Decision makers have information about the probability of occurrence of each events. The probability value can be known precisely or predicted. These possibilities can be obtained from the personal opinions of the decision-maker, from the statistical records held in the enterprise, from expert opinions, from market research.

For the mentioned case, if the broker is looking for the probabilities of the states of the alternatives, the environment of the decision making process is risky. 

The answer is E.