INTRODUCTİON TO BUSİNESS

Strategic human resource management is the linking of the human resource function with the company’s strategies to achieve organizational goals. The correct answer is E.

The following are the trends that shape human resource management:

The correct answer is E.

Employers expect HRM to:

The correct answer is C.

External environmental factors affecting HRM are workforce and demographic trends (gender, age, ethnicity, seniority, occupation, aging workforce), government regulations, and economic challenges and trends. The correct answer is C.

The order of the human resource planning process is as follows:

Strategic planning - HR demand - HR supply - variances (if surplus: decisions layoff, retirement, etc. ; if shortage: decisions overtime, recruitment) - end.

The correct answer is A.

A document containing the minimum acceptable qualifications that a person should possess in order to perform a particular job is called a job specification. The correct answer is B.

The two most commonly used techniques for forecasting human resources supply are the replacement chart and skills inventories. The replacement chart lists each important managerial position, who occupies it, how long that person will likely stay in the job, and who is qualified as a replacement. A skills inventory (human resource information system) is a computerized databank containing information on the education, skills, and experience of all present employees. The correct answer is E.

Behavioral anchored rating scales assess the effectiveness of the employee’s performance using specific examples of good or bad behaviors at work, often referred to as critical incidents. The main advantage of this approach is that it is closely focused on concrete aspects of job performance. The correct answer is C.

When Ivancevich and Duening's (2004) Human Resource Planning Process is taken into account, it can be seen that technological forecasts, economic forecasts, organizational planning, and investment planning fall into the category: strategic planning. On the other hand, annual employment, requirements, numbers, skills, occupation categories into HR Demand; also existing employment inventory, after application of expected loss and attrition rates into HR Supply category. Thus, the correct answer is Choice A.

Job analysis is the systematic process of determining the skills, duties, and knowledge required for performing specific jobs in an organization. The correct answer is Choice C.

If the company makes people work overtime because of the labor shortage, it must to take into account the labor law which is related to overtime work. As noted in Turkish Labor Law No.4857, the normal working time in a week is 45 hours. Wages for each hour of overtime is remunerated at one and a half times the normal hourly rate. Total overtime work cannot be more than 270 hours in a year. The correct answer is Choice E.

Once the firm has determined its human resources needs via human resource planning, it needs to hire the most qualified employees to fill the available positions. The hiring process has three steps: recruitment, selection, and orientation. Recruitment, the first step in the hiring process, consists of a set of activities that improves the number and quality of people who apply for employment, as well as the probability that qualified and compatible applicants will accept employment offers.

When the examples given in the Mathis and Jackson's (2003) Advantages and Disadvantages of Internal and External Recruiting Sources categorization chart is taken into account, it can be noticed that the disadvantages of external recruiting sources are: May not select someone who will “fit” the job or organization; May cause morale problems for internal candidates not selected; Longer“adjustment”or orientation time. Inbreeding; Possible morale problems of those not promoted; “Political”infighting for promotions; Need for a management development program are examples for the disadvantages of internal recruiting sources. The correct answer is Choice E.

If a company cannot reach new employees by internal recruiting, it needs to open up recruiting activities to outside of the company. External recruitment becomes essential in organizations that are growing rapidly and have expanding workforce requirements. The following needs require external recruitment: (1) to fill entry-level jobs; (2) to acquire skills not possessed by current employees; and (3) to obtain employees with different backgrounds to provide a diversity of ideas. The corrrect answer is Choice E.

The most widely used selection technique is the employment interview. Job candidates are interviewed by at least one member of the HRM staff and by the person for whom they will be working. Employment interviews provide an opportunity for applicants and the firm to learn more about each other. While the interviewer may get more information about the candidate’s abilities and attitudes, the candidate may be informed also about the job and work environment. The correct answer is Choice B.