INTRODUCTİON TO BUSİNESS

Horizontal communication forms between positions and tasks at the same hierarchical level. The correct answer is B.

The contingency approach emphasizes that leadership style and best managerial approach change according to environmental factors. The correct answer is B.

People-oriented behaviors indicate a supportive approach to subordinates. Managers with this type of orientation dealt with high performance goals and human needs. Today, we must suggest that the success and effectiveness of different behaviors depend on the necessity of the circumstances which is influenced by constant change. The correct answer is A.

The organizing function of the management process follows planning and provides the appropriate work place for implementing the plans. In other words, organizing the work place enables the managers to start the operations in alignment with the organizational goals and plans. The organizing process is determining tasks relevant to goals; grouping tasks by departments; assigning the work force for specific tasks; deciding the authority relationships, and preparing the work environment which includes allocating equipment, technology, and personnel.  The correct answer is A.

Organizational effectiveness is the degree to the achievement of organizational goals. The correct answer is B.

The planning process is carried out by identifying goal/s, reviewing the alternative ways or methods including the resources involved, and deciding which alternative/s to employ. The correct answer is C.

Organizing is determining tasks relevant to goals; grouping tasks by departments; assigning the work force for specific tasks; deciding the authority relationships, and preparing the work environment which includes allocating equipment, technology, and personnel. The correct answer is A.

The control process involves establishing standards and/or plans for the process/es subject to controlling; measuring the outcome or performance; overseeing the match between the standarts and actual performance for a given process; and applying corrective measures, maintaining a present course of action; or formulating a new or modified plan of action as necessary. The correct answer is B.

The management structure in traditional terms involves three basic layers:

The correct answer is E.

First-line managers are supervisors, branch managers, section chiefs, shift managers, or project leaders. The correct answer is C.

Technical skills involve job-specific knowledge, experience, and ability for performing the tasks at a proficient level. Technical skills are directly related to the use of technology, machinery, techniques, methodology, or tests for performing a specific task with high performance.The correct answer is D.

The entrepreneur as a decisional role is about being innovative and of paramount importance in today’s competitive environment. The correct answer is B.

The communication process is composed of components each of which is key to the success of the process: the message, source/s (sender), encoding, medium (channel), receiver, decoding, noise, and feedback. The correct answer is E.