İNGİLİZ/AMERİKAN EDEBİYATI I

In Epistolary Novel, the story is told through letters written by one or more of the characters. It presents an intimate view of the characters’ thoughts without the interference of the author and contributes to the dramatic atmosphere of the novel. The correct answer is B.

In Gothic Novel, the atmosphere of the novel is created through supernatural and mystic elements like monsters, ghosts and demons. The plot includes secret, mysterious murders and the heroes are marked with a seal of demonic lot. The correct answer is A.

Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847) is one of the famous examples of Bildungsroman. The corret answer is C.

Stock Character type is a stereotype and has some universal characteristics (a cheating husband, an absent minded professor, a cruel step-mother etc.). The correct answer is D.

Protagonist is the central character in the story. It can be a sympathetic hero or an unsympathetic anti-hero and this character is considered as dynamic most of the time. The correct answer is C.

The statements in A, B, C and D are true for Antagonist whereas E is a typical feature of Protagonist. Protagonist’s actions and aims drive the plot forwards, not Antagonist's. Therefore, the answer of this question is E.

In Exposition stage, we are introduced to the story, the characters and the setting. The readers are given the necessary background information about the characters and their circumstances. It introduces the conflict and gives the critical information readers need to understand the rest of the story. The correct answer is E.

Rising Action refers to a series of events in a story that move the action forward and build toward the climax. Rising action involves conflicts and complications, and builds toward the climax of the story. The correct answer is B.

In Omniscient Point of View, the story is told by a god-like narrator who knows all, hears all, and sees all in this type. We can enter the mind and inner thoughts of the characters. The narration is not restricted to only one of the characters. The correct answer is D.

Since poetry has the economic use of language, it has restrictions to tell something through various figures of speech. A novel does not have a concern like this.

The statement in A is not correct for a theme since a theme should be expressed in the form of a statement, not in the form of a single word. For example, ‘love’ cannot be the theme, but ‘the devastating effects of love’ can be a good theme. Therefore, the answer of this question is A.

A novel is longer and more complex than a short story. In a short story, the writer is restricted to tell his/her story in a more limited time compared to a novel. There is usually insufficient time in a short story for the main character or characters to experience a life-changing event. In a novel, one can find sub-plots, numerous shifts in time and place (it can simultaneously talk about past and present), and continuous fictitious narratives which are not limited as in short stories. A novelist can offer more possibilities and richer stories than a short story writer.

The Victorian novel in the 19th century has a great influence on the development of the novel. Victorian novelists emphasized the problem of the individual’s adjustment to his society by prioritizing middle-class characters. Some of the important examples of Victorian novel are Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield  and Thomas Hardy’sTess of the d’Urbervilles.

Drama is usually written for performance; therefore, highly based on the dialogues between the characters. Thus, it has limitations to portray different events at the same time. In a novel, a narrator can speak to the reader throughout the events, even s/he can be the one telling the whole story, but in drama narrators speak rarely and all the action is displayed through the characters.

In historical novel, characters and events are placed in past time. The main action of the novel evolves around historical events. The atmosphere of the novel is created thorough some historical places, time and setting. Alexander Dumas’s The Count of Monte Cristo (1844) is an example of historical novel.

In this type of novel, attention is given to the thoughts, feelings, motives and inner states of the characters.

The plot includes secret, mysterious murders and the heroes are marked with a seal of demonic lot. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1817) is an example of a gothic novel.

This type of novel is originated in Germany and flourished in the Europe especially in England thereafter. The long term development of a character or the maturation process of the hero is being told. Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847) is one of the famous examples of Bildungsroman.

A good novel has six components to work through. These are: Characters, Plot, Point of View, Setting, Style and Language and Theme.

Protagonist is the central character in the story. It can be a sympathetic hero or an unsympathetic anti-hero and this character is considered as dynamic most of the time. Protagonist’s actions and aims drive the plot forwards. It may be an individual or a group.