INFORMATİON TECHNOLOGİES

1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1.024 bytes. The correct answer is D.

10 in decimal base is equal to 12 in octal base. The correct answer is C.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) code is used to represent
information such as character-based data. It uses seven bits to code 27= 128 characters. ASCII code includes 94 characters that consists of 26 uppercase letters, 26 lowercase letters, 10 numerals, and 32 special characters. Besides, 34 characters are used for various control functions. The correct answer is E.

Printer, monitor, projector, and speaker are output operations.

Mainframe is a very powerful multi-user computer that can support thousands of users at the same time. The correct answer is A.

Central Processing Unit is located on the mainboard. CPU executes and controls all the processes within the computer. The correct answer is E.

The basic steps of SDLC for software development can be listed as planning, analysis, design, development (coding), implementation/testing, and evaluation/maintenance. The correct answer is D.

In design stage, the solution system is defined based on the requirements and analysis decision. The correct answer is C.

Operating system is a system software that enables the user to use computer hardware. The correct answer is B.

For storage management, operating systems are responsible for file management, creating, deleting, and manipulating files and directories, mapping files onto secondary storage, disk scheduling and storage allocation, controlling the I/O devices through the device drivers. The correct answer is A.

Display: It is the process of presenting the information to the user in an appropriate format. In computer systems, information can be displayed using various output devices such as printer, monitor, projector, speaker, etc. The correct answer is D.

Storage devices are used in computers to store the data. There are various types of storage devices. Some examples are random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM) and cache as primary storage, hard disk drive as
secondary storage, magnetic tape and optical disk as tertiary storage, USB flash drive and memory card as offline storage. The correct answer is C.

DIKW can be also summarized as follows. If data is characterized as recorded facts, then information is the set of patterns, or expectations underlying the data. Knowledge can be described as the accumulation of the set of expectations and
wisdom as the value attached to knowledge. The correct answer is A.

Microcomputer: It is also called as personal computer (PC). PC is usually used by single
person at home, office and business environments. Nowadays, it is the most common type of computer. PC can be in the
form of desktop, laptop or tablet form. Workstation: A workstation is like a PC, but it has more resources in terms of processing power and memory. Minicomputer: A multi-user computer that support hundreds of users simultaneously.Server: A server is similar to a mainframe that serve many uses with the main difference that the users (called clients) do their
own processing usually. The server processes are devoted to sharing files and managing access rights. Supercomputer: An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millionsof instructions (or more) per second using parallel processing. They are often used for very complex calculations in science and engineering problems. The correct answer is B.

Supercomputer: An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions (or more) per second using parallel processing. They are often used for very complex calculations in science and engineering problems. The correct answer is E.

Mainboard: It is located inside the computer case. Mainboard has communication channels and several interfaces to enable
communication among internal and external components such as CPU, memory and input/output (I/O) units. The correct answer is A.

Central Processing Unit (CPU): It is located on the mainboard. CPU executes and controls all the processes within the computer. The correct answer is B.

Development (Coding): It is the stage where coding and program development are realized. The correct answer is D.

Device driver , not firmware,  is a specific software that sends or receives data correctly to/from I/O units. The correct answer is  C.

Process management: Operating system is responsible for CPU scheduling for processes and threads, process synchronization
and communication, creating and deleting user and system processes. The correct answer is A.