INFORMATİON TECHNOLOGİES - Deneme Sınavı - 9

In computer systems, these data can be collected using various input devices such as keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, digital camera, touchpad etc.

Transmit/Receive: This step is related to the transfer of data and information within the system or between the systems.

Display: It is the process of presenting the information to the user in an appropriate format. In computer systems, information can be displayed using various output devices such as printer, monitor, projector, speaker, etc.

The main benefits of e-business: • Reducing operating costs of business and its processes and avoiding consumption, • Increasing market opportunity (Faster access to the market and customer trends), • Fast access to customers: enabling them to access the information about products or services they need at any time (7/24), • Elimination of processing errors, • Strengthening internal management, • Supply chain management: Provide uninterrupted (continuous) supply chain, • Reduction of sales cycles, • Increasing visibility, • Communication improvements, • Predicting the fall in the probable life curve of product.

The main challenges in e-business are: • Determining customer’s changing needs, • Organizational structure, • The high speed of the development of IT, • Integration of the front and back-end systems of the organization, • A lack of qualified human resources, • The complexity of ensuring security, Growing competition, • Effective and efficient customer service (high availability, ease of use, personalized systems), • High quality access, • Expensive infrastructure of information system.

Microcomputer: It is also called as personal computer (PC). PC is usually used by single person at home, office and business environments. Nowadays, it is the most common type of computer. PC can be in the form of desktop, laptop or tablet form.

The computers belonging to the third generation used integrated circuits instead of transistors. These computers were smaller in size, more reliable, faster and more efficient than the previously developed ones. In this generation, remote processing, high level programming languages, multiprogramming operating system were used.

The fourth generation computers used Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. Hundreds or even thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip to form a microprocessor.

1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1.024 bytes. The correct answer is D.

10 in decimal base is equal to 12 in octal base. The correct answer is C.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) code is used to represent
information such as character-based data. It uses seven bits to code 27= 128 characters. ASCII code includes 94 characters that consists of 26 uppercase letters, 26 lowercase letters, 10 numerals, and 32 special characters. Besides, 34 characters are used for various control functions. The correct answer is E.

Printer, monitor, projector, and speaker are output operations.

Mainframe is a very powerful multi-user computer that can support thousands of users at the same time. The correct answer is A.

Central Processing Unit is located on the mainboard. CPU executes and controls all the processes within the computer. The correct answer is E.

The basic steps of SDLC for software development can be listed as planning, analysis, design, development (coding), implementation/testing, and evaluation/maintenance. The correct answer is D.

In design stage, the solution system is defined based on the requirements and analysis decision. The correct answer is C.

Operating system is a system software that enables the user to use computer hardware. The correct answer is B.

For storage management, operating systems are responsible for file management, creating, deleting, and manipulating files and directories, mapping files onto secondary storage, disk scheduling and storage allocation, controlling the I/O devices through the device drivers. The correct answer is A.

Display: It is the process of presenting the information to the user in an appropriate format. In computer systems, information can be displayed using various output devices such as printer, monitor, projector, speaker, etc. The correct answer is D.

Storage devices are used in computers to store the data. There are various types of storage devices. Some examples are random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM) and cache as primary storage, hard disk drive as
secondary storage, magnetic tape and optical disk as tertiary storage, USB flash drive and memory card as offline storage. The correct answer is C.