INFORMATİON TECHNOLOGİES - Deneme Sınavı - 5

In a mesh topology, each device has a point-to-point connection with a single or multiple devices.Since there exist redundant links in the network, the cabling cost is high in this topology.The right answer is C.

A spoofing attack occurs when the attacker impersonates another user or device on the network to attack the network, spread malware, and access data sources. The right answer is C.

Denial-of-Service attacks aim to prevent normal functioning of a computer system. DoS attacks usually flood the network with traffic until a shutdown occurs due to the overload. The right answer is A.

The requirements of network management are described with FCAPS, a model for network management created by ISO. FCAPS is the acronym for fault, configuration, accounting, performance, and security.

Accounting management aims to track the usage of computation and network resources to provide a fair distribution of resources among users. The right answer is C.

Transport Layer delivers data across network connections. It provides message segmentation, message acknowledgment, session multiplexing, and message traffic control. The right answer is D.

Data are symbols representing the features of objects and events. They also refer to the products of observations. They are unprocessed collection of raw facts gathered from various sources explicitly or implicitly and do not have any values without making them useful, that is, without being converted into the information. Thus, ‘data’ and ‘raw fact’ basically refer to the same concept. Information, on the other hand, is generated by processing data. During the processing, data are transformed into a meaningful form and their usefulness increases. Information is the data that represent the relational connection. Knowledge is a collection of relevant information. It is a deterministic process that involves transformation of information into instructions. Wisdom corresponds to the ability to see the long-term consequences of any act and to evaluate them relative to the ideal of total control. It includes the exercise of judgment or decision. The correct option is B.

An electrical circuit has only two states: ON and OFF. The binary number system has only two values corresponding to these states that represent high and low voltage levels, “1” (5 V) and “0” (0 V). These values are simply called as binary digits (bit, denoted by ‘b’) in computer systems. In computing, other than binary, octal and hexadecimal number systems are also used as more compact forms for representing binary numbers. In computer systems, a byte (denoted by ‘B’) is a unit of data that consists of 8 bits. It is used to represent a character. A nibble is half byte. A word is a standard memory bus width in computer architecture. It can have a length of 16 bits, 32 bits, 64 bits etc. The correct option is A.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) code is used to represent information such as character-based data. ASCII code includes 94 characters that consists of 26 uppercase letters, 26 lowercase letters, 10 numerals, and 32 special characters. Besides, 34 characters are used for various control functions. The correct option is E.

Unicode is a 16-bit code words that extends ASCII to 216= 65536 universal characters codes. Since the base coding of Unicode is 16 bits, it has the capacity to encode the majority of characters used in every language in the world. The correct answer is Choice D.