DÜNYA MEDENİYETLERİNE GİRİŞ - Deneme Sınavı - 9

The next year, 47 BCE, Julius Caesar had further victories in the east. In response to one of them, he famously proclaimed: veni, vidi, vici – I came, I saw, I conquered.

Their main legend of origin was recorded in the great work The Aeneid, written by Virgil (70 - 19 BCE).

Rome taught mankind throughout the Western world how to establish the rule of law, advance engineering and science, and create a powerful military force, thus generating practical details, which enabled the rise of Western civilization.

Some also ascribe a part of Roman origin to the more ancient and distant influence of Indo European forbears. This, they claim, is seen in the Roman language, Latin, which has clear ties to the languages the Indo-Europeans spoke.

Humanity in civilization has invented a formal knowledge system, with individuals able to speak and exchange ideas, constituting an enclosed group, a single cultural organism, a community. According to the French philosopher Émile Durkheim, men started off with “mechanical solidarity.” This meant that each could substitute in work for the other. Gradually, he theorized, humanity moved to a new form of organization, “organic solidarity,” with individuals specializing in what they do: fishermen, farmers, administrators, medicine men, and soldiers.

Among the prominent gods of the later Republic years were six male gods: Jupiter, the all important sky god, resembled the Zeus of Greece. Other male gods included Neptune (Poseidon to the Greeks), Mars (Ares to the Greeks), Apollo (he had the same name in both cultures), Vulcan (Hephaistos to the Greeks), and Mercury (Hermes to the Greeks).

There were also six female gods, starting with Juno, who, based on the Etruscan belief, was a moon goddess and originally stood as a representation of women but evolved to become more like the Greek Hera, wife of Zeus. Joining her were Minerva (Athena to the Greeks), Venus (Aphrodite to the Greeks), Diana (Artemis), Vesta (Hestia to the Greeks), and Ceres (Demeter to the Greeks).

The next year, 47 BCE, Caesar had further victories in the east. In response to one of them, he famously proclaimed: veni, vidi, vici – I came, I saw, I conquered. A year later, he arrived back in Rome with even more conquests and military triumphs.

Livy was the last Roman to write a full history from the origins of the Roman Republic through 9 BCE in Latin.

Originally a market town dominated by the Etruscans, migrants who most likely were originally from Anatolia, the city state in 509 BCE overthrew the last of the ruling Etruscan kings and created the Roman Republic as a replacement

The Roman Innovations in Architecture and Sculpture include one that is found throughout the world – the round arch.

The answer is A

The answer is A. The last part of Romans was the Byzantine Empire and lasted till the conquest of Constantinople.

The answer is A.

The answer is D.

The answer is A

The answer is A.

The asnwer is A.

The anwwer is A.

The answer is E.