DİPLOMATİK YAZIŞMA VE PROTOKOL

Project scheduling is the time phased processing of operations subject to precedence interactions, time constraints, and resource constraints in order to achieve particular goals

Answer is E.

Network planning is also often pointed as activity planning. This involves identifying the specific project activities. The activities needed and relationships of precedence are defined in this stage. Precedence requirements can be defined by technological, procedural or imposed limitations. Finally, network diagrams are utilized to visually represent the activities. The answer is A.

The components of the network are node, arrow, activity, restriction, dummy, predecessor activity, successor activity, descendent activity, antecedent activity, merge point, burst point and precedence diagram.

The answer is D.

Merge point: Once two or more tasks are predecessors of a single task, a merging point occurs. Before the merge activity can begin, all activities preceding the merge point should be finished.

The answer is C.

C's predecessors are A and B in mentioned network. The answer is E.

All definitions which are presented are true about the comparisons between AOA and AON. The answer is E.

Projects consisting mainly of deterministic activities (e.g. maintenance projects) use CPM, which ignores statistical considerations and depends on a single estimate of the mean time needed to carry out the activity in hand. Details of the CPM calculations are provided in the previous chapters. The answer is A.

Calculations of mean and variance in Beta distribution are utilized to calculate the mean time and variance in PERT. The formula for the mean is a simple weighted average of the three estimates, assuming that the optimistic and pessimistic estimates are equally possible and that the modal is four times more likely than these two estimates. The estimation equation for mean is depended on the acceptance that most of the observations will fall into three standard deviations minus or plus or in other words, distributed in six standard deviations. This also means that standard deviation is one-sixth of the range between optimistic and pessimistic time. The answer is D.

The major steps in PERT analysis can be summarized as follows:

1. Determine three estimates; optimistic “a”modal “m”, and pessimistic “b” durations for each activity. (B)

2. Calculate the expected value for each activity by using a, m, and b.(C)

3. Compute the variance of each activity by using the formula. (A)

4. Calculate the expected project duration, Tx. Similar to CPM, the duration of the project is calculated by summing up the expected modal time of critical activities. (E)

5. Similar to expected duration, calculate the variance of the project as the sum of individual variance of activities on the critical path. (D)

6. In addition to expected project duration, the probability of finishing the project within specified time limits can be calculated. (F)

The answer is B.

PERT is pessimistic about the variance in the project duration. Therefore, if there are multiple critical paths in the project network, the critical path with the largest variance must be chosen to determine the project duration and the variance of the project duration. The answer is C.