DİPLOMATİK YAZIŞMA VE PROTOKOL - Deneme Sınavı - 11

Although the management and leadership are considered together, there are also some differences.

Project Managers:

Leaders:

The answer is C.

Although the management and leadership are considered together, there are also some differences.

Project Managers:

Leaders:

The answer is A.

Joint accountability: In a partnership, each member of the project team is responsible for the project’s outcomes and the current situation, whether it is positive or shows evidence of problems. The project is shared among multiple participants and the results of the project are also shared. The answer is D.

A project team consists of a group of people who have come together to carry out activities that contribute to achieving the goal of a common task. A Project Manager builds up a project team of skilled employees from the same or different function areas to work on a project. The answer is B.

A Collaborator is a goal-directed member who sees the vision, mission, or goal of the team as paramount but is flexible and open to new ideas, is willing to pitch in and work outside his or her defined role, and is able to share the limelight with other team members. The answer is A.

To reduce uncertainty in projects, you must first identify the likelihood, consequences, impact, and possible causes of the risk that needs to be taken

Brainstorming - Brainstorming is to obtain a comprehensive list of individual project risks and sources of overall project risk (PMI®, 2017, p. 414). An efficient brainstorming session can help you to see the many risks associated with the project in a short time. For the success of the brainstorming sessions, people with different backgrounds, perspectives and expertise should be brought together. A brainstorming session will make it easier for you to set risk categories (techniques, processes, etc.) that you have previously set.

In the Strengths section, the strengths, capabilities, knowledge, etc. of the sponsor, project manager, or the project team are included.

There are seven different tools and techniques that you can use to perform qualitative risk analysis:

It is necessary to convert the information about project risks into statistical data through quantitative risk analysis process. Effective data collection techniques are essential for the success of this process.

Simulations - The aim of the simulation study is to simulate a system. Thus, you measure how the system reacts under various conditions. By modeling the project, the impact of risks on targets can be analyzed. The most commonly used modeling example is Monte Carlo Simulation.

The following strategies can be used to avoid risk according to the situation of project and risk:

Share - This strategy involves merging with a firm to increase the chances of securing gains and agreeing to share rewards.

The project manager should also consider the impact thresholds for the risks. If the impacts exceed the specified thresholds, emergency plans are implemented. Thresholds may be in terms of money, duration, or number of resources based on tolerance. For example, if an intermediate target is delayed for 5 days and the tolerance is 3 days, the risk response (emergency) will need to be activated.

Data analysis - Two data analysis techniques are very important in the risk monitoring process: technical performance analysis and reserve analysis.

In risk management, it is necessary to reduce the uncertainty of risks and determine the appropriate responses for possible risks that cannot be avoided. In this way, you can eliminate the negative consequences. You can benefit if the risk arises and has positive consequences.

To reduce uncertainty in projects, you must first identify the likelihood, consequences, impact, and possible causes of the risk that needs to be taken:

The possibilities may be low, medium, or high. For example, you determine how likely it is that supply delays will stop the project. You make an estimate based on your experience. When you look at past projects, you will see a 50% chance of delay.

Risks can affect the scope, cost, time, and/or quality of projects. You need to determine how serious the impact is (impact on project objectives).

You can determine the effect by a specific number or percentage. You must determine a measure of the severity of the impact. For example, you can set the delay to be good if it is less than 5 days, moderate between 5-10 days, bad if more than 10 days.

It is important to standardize the impact of risks in a common language. Youcan ensure that the project team and stakeholders understand the impact of risk in the same way.

The answer is D.

Root cause analysis - Root cause analysis not only helps you identify and manage potential risks, but also helps you develop preventive actions.

Risks should be examined in detail to determine root causes. Root cause analysis should be done with experts. The experiences and perspectives of the stakeholders who are familiar with the project, the product of the project, and the environment provide a better understanding of the risks and possible causes.

The following questions should be asked for root cause analysis:

What can cause this risk?

Under what conditions can this risk turn into a problem or an opportunity?

Even after identifying the possible causes of a risk, one should continue to ask questions and tryto find other relevant causes.

The answer is D.

SWOT analysis lists factors that have a definite impact on the project. The best way to perform SWOT analysis is to create a simple matrix for each of the four factors: Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.

In the Strengths section, the strengths, capabilities, knowledge, etc. of the sponsor, project manager, or the project team are included.

In the Weaknesses section, weaknesses or deficiencies of the sponsor, the project manager, or the project team are evaluated. These are issues that could jeopardize the success of the project.

In the Opportunities section, topics that may benefit the project are listed.

In the Threats section, factors that could harm or prevent the achievement of project objectives are listed.

The answer is B.

Qualitative Risk Analysis is the process of prioritizing individual project risks for further analysis or action by assessing their probability of occurrence and impact as well as other characteristics. The key benefit of this process is that it focuses efforts on high-priority risks. The answer is D.

Tornado graph is used to describe the effect of variables. In such a diagram, a bar represents each risk and the range of impact it can take from negative to positive impact. The length of each bar indicates the relative impact of risks. Bars are ordered from the largest to the smallest. The answer is A.