ÇAĞDAŞ DÜNYA UYGARLIKLARI

The world today encounters four extreme challenges:
• The transformation from Western Civilization to Global Civilization
• The development of Virtual Civilization
• A new great crisis, especially seen in the Western and the Eastern Civilizations
• The possible Clash of Civilizations

Super-capacity Crisis - The great financial success of the 1% elite, as well as the new power of Internet companies set up by young people, considerably affects imagination, particularly when political leaders claim that “the sky is the limit.” However, the real world sees high unemployment, reaching 10 per cent, with as many as every third young individual jobless (half of all potential workers in Spain). Engineers are advised to seek qualifications as nurses, and college graduates are offered unpaid internships, even in wealthy firms on Wall Street which could easily afford to pay these young university graduates.

Food Crisis - Such a crisis stems from four main causes:
• The production of biofuels takes over land for growing corn and sugar cane.
• The increasing consumption of meat in the developed countries, as well as in China and India, requires an increased output of feed (seven or eight kilos of high-quality feed is needed per each kilo of meat) such as corn and soybeans.
• Deregulating foreign food trade (towards the end of the 20th century) meant the destabilization of production, reserves, and the consumption of food in most countries.
• The monopolization of food production is practiced by American companies, with four corporations dominating most farming business and bringing local farmers to bankruptcies; small farms produce healthy and tasty produce whereas those giants offer unhealthy and tasteless food.

In the early decades of the current century, the tenets of this doctrine have become clear. They are based on the following rules:
- Rule 1:Theelimination of governmental regulations is necessarily beneficial since that encourages freedom of speech.
- Rule 2: Intellectual property is an old concept which should be eliminated.
- Rule 3: Most of the extant face-to-face meetings, particularly international
conferences, should be replaced by virtual conferences to lower costs and broaden participation.
- Rule 4: Printed books, journals, gazettes, and magazines should be replaced by e-publications to increase readership and decrease costs.
- Rule 5: Face-to-face communication is too personal.

The term “virtual culture” means the electronization of the emerging information
culture in computer network storage sites (in what is today called “the cloud” - rented cyberspace) which has been rapidly developing in the 21st century.

The most important global infrastructure is the Internet of People since it coordinates all other global infrastructures

The end of the Cold War (1945-1991) triggered the quest for a new world order,
one which led to a Clash of Civilizations. It resulted in a long war against terrorists in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and Europe as well as it prompted a wave of migration wave from these countries and others, especially in Africa, to Europe, destabilizing these countries and putting in question the value of globalization

Facebook has the highest number of users, as 1.31 billion.

1985-WELL (Whole Earth Lectronic Link) started by Stewart Brand and Larry Brilliant was the first online community

2005 - YouTube, a video-sharing website, went live.

This may bring on singularity, a Big Bang for humanity, as hybrid organisms replace our human one and we evolve into Homo cyborg, human machines.

At the end of the 20th century, the Internet (active since 1983 but far more visible during the 1990s when user-friendly browsers became widespread) was pushing the development of the Globalization Wave. This wave led to the advance of the Global economy, then to the free flow of information and capital, and in many cases, to the cross-border movement of experienced workers and executives.

When the word “virtual” was first introduced in information technology, it applied to memory simulated by computer; that is, memory not actually built into a processor’s main memory but, rather, located in online magnetic disks. More recently, the term has been applied to entities such as things, organizations, processes, and people that exist but are simulated using information technology. For example, virtual conversations are conversations that take place over computer networks, and virtual communities are some social groups that assemble around the use of e-mail, web pages, and other networked, digital resources.

The paradox of this second great crisis of civilization is that it is invisible at first sight.

Over-communication Crisis - The development of the Internet has made “distance dead” (Cairncross, 1997). Communication is instant, no respecter of distance as it spreads with the speed of the electromagnetic wave, used by computer networks and smartphones.

cyber warfare. This modality of fighting makes use of computers and the Internet as well as other means of storing and disseminating information for the sake of making assaults against enemy information systems.

Business Liturgy involvesendless business meetings and conferences and is covered by the media, all of which feature information convenient for the Business Doctrine.

A Virtuality Doctrine is what keeps Virtuality as a religion.

With 1.31 billion users Facebook has the greatest number of users.

Dot Com crisis happened in 2000.