ÇAĞDAŞ DÜNYA UYGARLIKLARI - Deneme Sınavı - 8

The Civilizational Waves of the Eastern Civilization is in order Agrarian - Industrial - Informational. The correct answer is A.

The correct answer is C.

The founder of the ruling family of Kievan Rus was the Viking Rurik of Scandinavia. One of the Rurik’s descendants - Prince Vladimir - converted his subjects into the Orthodox Christian faith. Upon Yaroslav’s death in 1054, however, his sons divided the state into warring factions, and the city of Kiev lost its preeminence. This was a powerful and prosperous East Slavic state which thrived under the reign of the Ruriks from the 9th to the 13th (not 15th) century. The correct answer is D.

Russian Empire was established by Peter I (Peter the Great) in 1721. The correct answer is B.

A significant challenge to the Romanov dynasty and their empire also came in the form of the French invasion, known in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812. After a ferocious but indecisive battle at Borodino on September 7, Napoleon entered Moscow, which the retreating Russians famously set ablaze. However, Alexander I rejected the offer to negotiate, and Napoleon was forced to begin his infamous retreat. In the process, his army was virtually annihilated by the combined effects of the heroism of the Russian people and the severe winter conditions. Napoleon barely escaped with his life, and his domination of Europe was effectively at an end. The correct answer is C.

The order of the periods of the Russian Revolution is the Old Regime, a Moderate Phase, a Radical Phase, and a reactionary time called Thermidor. The correct answer is C.

The Soviet Union existed from 1922 to 1991. The correct answer is D.

On 24 August 1991, the Act of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine was adopted by the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian Parliament). It re- established Ukraine as an independent state. The correct answer is B.

The USSR was the first state which attempted a complete switch to atheism, and churches were not built during the seventy years of the atheistic Soviet era. The correct answer is A.

A great conflict in Russian culture was between the Westernizers and the Slavophils. Slavophilia was an intellectual movement originating in the 19th century; it sought the development of values and institutions in Russian society derived from its early history. The correct answer is E.

Turk.

Bkz: Sorunun doğru cevabı kaynak kitapta 7. ünite 171. sayfanın 2. paragrafında verildiği üzere doğrudur.

Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan

Turkic is generally used to characterize the five Central Asian countries that were formed following the collapse of the Soviet Union, namely Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Azerbaijan.

The first notable leader of the Xiongnu was Touman (Teoman). He fought not only the Chinese to the south, but also the Yuezhi people to the west. Around 215 BCE, China started unifying and it completed the Great Wall to keep territory recently conquered and to advance further north and west.

Touman’s son Modun became the leader in 209 BCE. He was successful in subduing many other nomadic peoples to the north including the Tung-nu and Dingling, and Donghu to the east in Manchuria. He then invaded China and laid siege to the capital Taiyuan.

The northern Xiongnu tribes would later be called the Huns.

Attila allied with some Germanic peoples and attacked the Roman Gaul in June of 451. The Romans were able to convince the Visigoths to fight on their side
and Attila lost, but not without fighting very hard. Next year, his army regrouped, and he conquered Northern Italy and started going south for the
ultimate target: Rome. 

The fall of the Western Roman Empire was imminent. For some reason, still puzzling to historians, Attila decided not to sack Rome at the request of the Bishop of Rome, Saint Leo the Great. Rome had to pay a large tribute and Attila took a Roman princess, Honoria, as bride.

It took the Turks five decades of struggle to revive the Eastern Kok Turk Empire under Ilterish Kutlugh Khagan with his chief advisor Tonyukuk in 682. His sons Bilge Khagan and Kul Tegin, and their uncle Qapaghan Khagan, worked successfully to bring back the old days of glory.

The second Eastern Kok Turk Empire lasted until 744 when it collapsed due to infighting and by the emergence of another Turkic Empire, the Uighurs.

Tamerlane was born into such a tribe, one called the Barlas. Once he established his authority in his native Transoxiana region, he set out to conquer cities as geographically diverse as Saray in the north, Baghdad in the southwest, and Delhi in the south. He defeated and took prisoner the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I at the Battle of Ankara in 1402.

Atatürk instituted reforms to modernize Turkey. the Swiss civil code and the Italian penal code were adopted. This included giving men and women equal rights in all circumstances apart from voting, which was given to women in 1930.

Turks, like other Central Asian nomads, have a rich tradition of oral poetry, songs, and music. Oneinstrument that Kazakh and Kirghiz still play today, the kopuz, is said by some researchers to be the ancestor of the violin and other stringed instruments.
This instrument used to be played by shamans during healing ceremonies.