BUSİNESS INFORMATİON SYSTEMS

A typical ES should support the managers of each hierarchical level with different capabilities, such as drill down, which is the capability about providing details upon follow-up query requests. Drill down process can be performed manually or in an automated manner.

There are two more concepts closely related to business analytics: decision support systems and business intelligence. While all three share the common purpose, there are slight differences among them, such as: Business analytics address the company- wide needs for data and decision analysis while decision support systems focus on the specific decisions and the analytical and informational expectations and requirements of decision makers; the existence of ERP is a prerequisite for business intelligence, business analytics and decision support systems; business intelligence deals with satisfying the enterprise-wide demand for data and information in any content and format, anytime and any place by using data warehouses and data marts; the business intelligence is vital for successful and sustainable applications business analytics and decision support systems.

There are three levels of business analytics based on the analytical techniques they perform. They are descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics.

The goal of the prescriptive analytics is to provide a feasible solution or a recommendation that shows how to achieve the best performance. e methods and algorithms of some disciplines such as operations research, management science, and optimization have been widely used for prescriptive analytics.

One of the fundamental concepts associated with security of information systems is known as CIA triad. It consists of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Cognitive support: When it comes to processing and storing information, human-beings have certain mental limits and they cannot outperform the decision support systems. The variety of the information and knowledge as pertains to the problem on hand has also a signifficant impact on the boundaries of the human mind. The size of the problem, the number of criteria a decision maker must consider can be faster and the memory recall issues can be overcome almost always by EDSSs.

Model management module of a DSS is in charge of running search or optimization algorithms, building all sorts of models such as mathematical and simulation models, archiving models for future use, computing formulas and performing sensitivity analysis. Modeling requires a lot of parameters that may not be available anywhere in the company. Then, the estimation of those parameters can be realized by the model management module.

The term hacking means infiltrating to the system without any permissions. Hackers can be either external individuals from outside of the company or people with bad intention from inside of the company. Moreover, the attitudes of hackers  after unauthorized access to the system is also important.

One of security recommendations to provide information security is that confidential information such as passwords or credit card information should be entered via on-screen keyboards.

A method, which is used to hinder the operation of systems, is computer hijacking method. Computer hijacking means reducing the system performance by unauthorized use of a part of our entire resources of a computer on the local network. Although computer hijacking is functionally similar to the DoS/DDoS attacks, hijacking attacks are made by software named as bots.

Among users of EIS are the chief executive officers (CEO), the chief financial officers (CFO), or the chief operating officers (COO).

The impact of EIS on the job performances of the executive decision-makers might also be outlined as follows.

• Better communication,

• Exploring capability in detecting historic trends,

• Improved effectiveness and efficiency,

• Fewer and shorter meetings,

• Improved decision-making,

• Betterment of planning and control.

Drill down: This capability is about providing details upon follow-up query requests. Drill down process can be performed manually or in an automated manner.

Descriptive analytics, sometimes called “reporting analytics” deals with the current status of the company based on the key performance indicators, i.e., KPIs.

PowerPivot is an Add-in you can use to perform powerful data analysis in Excel. PowerPivot enables users to make timely business decisions without requiring IT assistance.

Cognitive support: When it comes to processing and storing information, human-beings have certain mental limits and they cannot outperform the decision support systems. The variety of the information and knowledge as pertains to the problem on hand has also a significant impact on the boundaries of the human mind. The size of the problem, the number of criteria a decision maker must consider can be faster, and the memory recall issues can be overcome almost always by EDSSs.

One of the fundamental concepts associated with security of information systems is known as CIA triad consists of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Another factor that can cause hardware failures is the problems in the electrical installation. Blackouts mean instant power cuts which can interrupt operations and cause damage to hardware. On the other hand, Brownouts are voltage drops or spikes in incoming voltage, which cause a current fluctuation, leads similar problems with blackouts on computer hardware.

Spoofing: Faking a website or e-mail to trick users into passing along credentials.

Another security measure to be considered in the concept of data and information security is the approach called an atomic transaction. In this approach, transaction records are sent simultaneously to different sources with different purposes and stored. The store process can be completed if only it can be done for all sources. On the other hand, if transaction record cannot be stored in one of the sources, there will be an error message and all storing processes will be canceled.