BUSİNESS INFORMATİON SYSTEMS

The term production can be defined as transformation of tangible and intangible inputs into goods or services. It can be explained elaborately as the transformation or conversion of a set of inputs, such as raw materials, labor, knowledge, into one or more outputs such as tables, cars, banking services.

Manufacturing systems management (MSM) here is defined as a functional domain that involves all of the activities, such as design, implementation, operations and monitoring, etc., that are needed to regulate and optimise a manufacturing system as it progresses through its life cycle.

Hard technology and soft technology are the two main categories of the technology. Hard technology represents a variety of tasks in the creation and delivery of goods and services performed by the equipment and devices. Computers, computer chips and microprocessors, communication lines, sensors, robots are some examples for the hard technology. Soft technology is the application of the Internet, computer software, and information systems to provide data, information, and analysis and to facilitate the accomplishment of creating and delivering goods and services. Database systems, artificial intelligence programs, and voice-recognition softwares are some examples for the soft technology.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems provide the integration of the company internally and externally in order to meet the needs and requirements of the customers and in this way the company has a competitive advantage in the market.

When the evolution of ERP systems considered, it can be seen that they evolved from four phases: MRP, MRP-CL, MRP II and ERP

Manufacturing, distribution, sales, accounting, and human resource applications are the main ERP modules integrated. Material requirements planning, production planning and capacity planning can be given as some examples for manufacturing processes supported by ERP systems. Sales analysis, sales planning and pricing analysis are some examples for sales and marketing processes supported by ERP systems. Moreover, many important human resource processes such as personnel requirements planning, salary and administration benefits are supported by ERP systems. ERP systems can also manage financial record-keeping and managerial accounting applications.

The concept known as electronic commerce, where information transactions are automatically completed via Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), Point of Sale (POS) devices, and a variety of other approaches now appeals organizations to itself.

The correct life cycle order for Supply chain is Commit-Schedule-Make and Deliver.

bundling is a form of cross selling where a company sells a group of products or services together at a lower price instead of offering combined individual prices of the products which are much higher. A sport broadcasting company’s offer a bundle price including different football leagues, TV channels and original movies can be given as an example.

Figure 7.7 Development in Manufacturing Technology. page 199.

Production management function in an organization is responsible for the processes that transform inputs into useful outputs. These are: Facilitating goods and services.

Manufacturing systems management (MSM) here is defined as a functional domain that involves all of the activities, such as design, implementation, operations and monitoring, etc., that are needed to regulate and optimise a manufacturing system as it progresses through its life cycle.

According to a Manufacturing Information System Model, Inventory subsystem is an output subsystem.

Hard technology and soft technology are the two main categories of technology. Hard technology represents a variety of tasks in the creation and delivery of goods and services performed by the equipment and devices. Computers, computer chips and microprocessors, communication lines, sensors, robots are some examples of hard technology. Soft technology is the application of the Internet, computer software, and information systems to provide data, information, and analysis and to facilitate the accomplishment of creating and delivering goods and services. Database systems, artificial intelligence programs, and voice-recognition software are some examples of soft technology.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems provide the integration of the company internally and externally in order to meet the needs and requirements of the customers and in this way the company has a competitive advantage in the market.

There are four phases in the evolution of ERP systems

A successful supply chain management strategy is based on accurate order processsing, just-in-time inventory management, and timely order fulfillment.

Many developments for computers have been made in terms of cost and speed of computer power after first computers were developed around 1960s.

For organizations CRM system includes methodogies and software tools to gain advantage from customer information to achieve some critical factors. These factors could be summarized as follows;

• Building customer loyalty with much higher profit per customer

• Avoiding loss of customers

• Acquiring new customers who are most likely to become profitable

• Reducing inefficiencies that waste advertising expenses

Bundling is a form of cross selling where a company sells a group of products or services together at a lower price instead of offering combined individual prices of the products which are much higher. A sport broadcasting company’s offer a bundle price including different football leagues, TV channels and original movies can be given as an example. This price is lower than total of their separate prices