BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER

Regulations are the laws that all member states have to follow directly. The regulations do not have to get implemented to the national laws of the member states; however, they might be amended not to face a conflict between national laws and EU regulations. The regulations are the most powerful instructions in the EU regulation system.

Recommendations are not binding for member states, which means that member states are not obliged to follow them. The motivation behind recommendation is to convince the member states to move in the same direction.

The Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was created through 1960 dated Montevideo Treaty, signed by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

Andean Community produced an Andean passport in June 2001 which is valid in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Colombia. By 2005, citizens of the Andean Community members gained the right to enter other countries without a visa. To travel among the member countries, showing national ID cards is adequate.

ASEAN consists of 10 member states with a combined GDP of more than USD 2,55 trillion in 2016, which makes it the world’s 6th largest economy if it were a unified nation.

The Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC or EurAsEC) is a regional organization which aims at forming a Customs Union, Common Economic Space among the member states and coordinate the actions of member states’ integration into the world economy. It is primarily based in northern Eurasia. It focuses on enhancing the integration in economic and social realms.

The Eurasian Economic Community covers a territory of 20.374 million square km with about 180 million of inhabitants which coincides almost 2,7 % of the world population. The mentioned area produces 3,5 % of the global GDP. Eurasec countries have rich resources of minerals and raw materials such as industrial uranioum, raw diamonds, platinoids, gold,

Following the World War II, Mexico started to apply protectionist policies in economy and adopted import-substitution industrialization policy, contrary to the export oriented growth approach. Mexico’s policies aimed at gaining independence from American hegemony and promote domestic industrialization by means of statist and corporatist policies. However these economic policies caused a boomerang effect and Mexico faced a triple-digit inflation in 1980s while increasing its international debt.

ASEAN consists of 10 member states with a combined GDP of more than USD 2,55 trillion in 2016, which makes it the world’s 6th largest economy if it were a unified nation.

MERCOSUR members triggered the protocol in 2012 which ended up with Paraguay’s suspension from Mercosur. It was officially claimed that President Fernando Lugo was toppled from the rule unfairly following his opponents blaming him by mishandling a fatal conflict among the farmers and low enforcement.

European Union aims at forming a binding authority over their member states in economic and political realms.

European Union, is a regional organization which consists of 28 European states that aims at implementing a common economic, social, and security policies. Originally created in western Europe, the EU expanded towards central and eastern Europe following the end of the Cold War.

European Union dates back to 9th of May, 1950, where The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France at the time, Robert Schuman proposed the idea of establishing a common market for particular countires to delegate control of coal and steel sectors to an independent authority.

The Maastricht Treaty, also known as European Union Treaty, was signed on 7th February, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands and came into force in 1993. While this treaty established the European Union in today’s context, it also enhanced the authority of the European Parliament in the decision making process and created new areas of cooperation.

The members of the Commission are appointed by the member states for a period of 5 years. The appointed members should be approved by the Parliament as a whole.

The European parliament consists of 751 members including a president and 750 members from 28 member states. The members are elected by direct votes of people who are citizens of the EU’s member states. The allocation of seats in the parliament depends on the population of the member states.

The Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was created through 1960 dated Montevideo Treaty, signed by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. The founders aimed at forming a common market in Latin America and proposed tariff reductions among the member states.

Andean Community is a trade bloc which aims at forming a customs union among the South African countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. By 2018, the Community has approximately 110 million of population in 3,809,100 square kilometers with a combined GDP (sum of GDP’s of all members) of USD 608 billion USD.

AICHR was created in October 2009 by the ten AICHR Represantatives, one appointed from each Member State. It was inaugurated at the 15th ASEAN Summit in Thailand. AICHR Represantatives come from various backgrounds and serve a three-year term of office. The Terms of Reference (TOR) which involves 14 mandates and function of AICHR was adopted in July 2009 at the ASEAN Foreign Minister Meeting. Accordingly, the main purpose of AICHR is to promote human rights and fundamental freedoms of the peoples of ASEAN.

MERCOSUR, Mercado Común del Sur in Spanish or Common Market of the South, is a trading and political bloc of currently 5 countries in South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.