BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER - Deneme Sınavı - 2

In 1994, the President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, initially proposed the idea of forming a “Eurasian Union” in his speech at Moscow State University. Since then numerous treaties were signed to establish the trading bloc. It was created based on the Treaty of Establishment of the Eurasian Economic Community, signed by the presidents of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan in Astana city of Kazakhstan on October 10, 2000. In January 2006 Uzbekistan joined the Eurasec; however , two years later, in 2008, it suspended its presence in Eurasec’s governing bodies.

In May 2002 Moldova and Ukraine gained observer status at the Community, and in April 2003 the same status was granted to Armenia.

The correct choice is E.

In the case of EurAsEC, the unanimity vote is required in the Interstate Council which led a couple of deficiencies in the Eurasion Customs Union.

The correct choice is C.

Canada and U.S. signed a set of agreements which ended up with signing of Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement in 1988. Following the agreement, Mexico was mobilized and declared that it would start negotiating for a regional cooperation which caused the beginning of NAFTA talks.

Thereby, NAFTA with its additional accords on labor and environment, was signed in 1993 and came into force by the 1st January, 1994.

The correct choice is D.

Venezuela was suspended indefinitely in 2016 for violations of the rules of democracy.

The correct choice is B.

In the strictest sense, financial intermediation means the process of taking in funds from depositors and then lending them out to borrowers.

Mr = Financial Intermediation ratio.

In developing countries, the main purpose of the pre-1980s financial policies, (especially in the 1960s and the 70s) was to boost industry and development by providing low-cost financing.

Established in 1974 with concern for the possibility that international capital movements may lead to a global crisis, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS)- the BIS developed into a global meeting place for regulators and for developing international standards-has set forth the issues like business volume of each bank’s capital, whether banks have enough capital to protect themselves from high-risk, and relevant controls, in order to prevent risks that might arise within their own domestic economies.

Originally issued by the Basel Committee in 1997, the core principles for effective banking supervision were last revised by the Committee in September 2012. The revised Core Principles define 29 principles that are broadly categorised into two groups: the first group (1 to 13) focus on powers, responsibilities and functions of supervisors, while the second group (14 to 29) focus on prudential regulations and requirements for banks.

RDB usually refers to four institutions: African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Although each RDB has its own legal and operational status, they all share a similar mandate and highly cooperate with each other.

A country’s voting shares and level of board representation are based on the size of its economy and its financial contributions to the institution. The United States is the single largest shareholder in the IDB and the EBRD. At the ADB, the United States is tied with Japan for the largest financial commitment. At the AfDB, the United States is the second largest shareholder after Nigeria. Among regional members, China and India are large contributors to the ADB; Egypt and South Africa are large contributors to the AfDB; Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela are large contributors to the IDB; and Russia is a large contributor to the EBRD.

The headquarters of the RDBs are located in their respective region. The ADB headquarters is located in Philippines, with 29 country offices and representative offices in Tokyo, Frankfurt, and Washington, D.C. The AfDB headquarters is located in Côte d’Ivoire; but temporarily relocated in Tunisia due to political unrest in Côte d’Ivoire. The EBRD headquarters is located in in London with 34 county offices

ADB-Asian Development Bank

There are 67 member countries for the Asian Development Bank.

International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) have become an integrated part of international politics where they play significant roles that fit their agenda.

The Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 did not restore throughout Europe but it paved the way for the national self-determination.

For Slaughter, the new – and real- world order is based on the cooperation between the states and transnational actors in global problems. Resolving those problems needs power, which could mainly be provided by governments. For this reason, “governance without government” is not a viable alternative to a state-centric system (Slaughter, 1997: 183-197).

Unit of analysis is the major entity that is being analyzed in a study. It is the ‘what’ or ‘who’ that is being studied. In social science research, typical units of analysis include individuals, social or private organizations, states (most common), and international organizations, and so forth

The concept of high politics covers all matters that are vital to the very survival of the state: namely national and international security concerns. On the term low politics covers other issues such as economics, social, environmental, and so forth.

An NGO is not a political party, business organization, criminal group, and violent organization.