BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER - Deneme Sınavı - 15

Directives are instructions that all member states have to consider in their national legislation processes. The member states are free to decide how to implement the directives into their own laws. Directives aim to ensure a standard quality and safety of products around the EU.

There are various mechanisms within ALADI to promote economic integration such as regional tariff preference, regional scope agreements, partial scope agreements, trade agreements, economic complementation agreements, agricultural agreements, and trade promotion agreements. Doğru yanıt " A " dır.

The Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC or EurAsEC) is a regional organization which aims at forming a Customs Union, Common Economic Space among the member states and coordinate the actions of member states’ integration into the
world economy. It is primarily based in northern Eurasia. It focuses on enhancing the integration in economic and social realms. Doğru yanıt " A " dır.

NAFTA is the North American Free Trade Agreement. Before NAFTA was signed, Canada and the United States were already developed economies and liberal democracies whereas Mexico had neither of these characteristics. Doğru yanıt    " B " dir.

MERCOSUR, Mercado Común del Sur in Spanish or Common Market of the South, is a trading and political bloc of currently 5 countries in South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Doğru yanıt " C " dir.

Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Suriname are the associate members of MERCOSUR. In other words, all ALADI members are associates of MERCOSUR in addition to Guyana and Suriname. Doğru yanıt " D " dir.

ASEAN Dialogue Partners are states or international organizations with whom Asean conducts relations on a formal basis. There 10 dialogue partners of ASEAN for the moment that are Australia, Canada, China, the European Union, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Russia and the United States of America. Doğru yanıt " E " dir.

Each regional organization has different goals over their member states. For example,European Union aims at forming a binding authority over their member states in economic and political realms, while the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) suggests non-interference in domestic affairs of its member states.

European Union, is a regional organization which consists of 28 European states that aims at implementing a common economic, social, and security policies. Originally created in western Europe, the EU expanded towards central and eastern Europe following the end of the Cold War.

The founding members of the European Union were France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

The Lisbon Treaty was signed on 13th of December, 2007 and came into force in 2009. This treaty simplified the operation modes and voting system. It created an office for a full time Presidency of European Council for a period of 2,5 years which is selected by the leaders of Member States from a pool they create. On the other hand, it formed a position called High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy who would be responsible for a common and security policy.

The European Council President and the President of the Commission do not take part in the voting procedure. The European Council gathers since 1974. In 1992 it gained an official status and with the Lisbon Treaty’s coming into force, the European Council became one of the organs in the EU. The meetings are conducted in Brussels every six months. The President of the European Council is elected by qualified majority voting system among the 28 leaders for a period of 2,5 years. The current President is Donald Tusk the former prime minister of Poland.

Regulations are the laws that all member states have to follow directly. The regulations do not have to get implemented to the national laws of the member states; however, they might be amended not to face a conflict between national laws and EU regulations. The regulations are the most powerful instructions in the EU regulation system.

Recommendations are not binding for member states, which means that member states are not obliged to follow them. The motivation behind recommendation is to convince the member states to move in the same direction.

The Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was created through 1960 dated Montevideo Treaty, signed by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

Andean Community produced an Andean passport in June 2001 which is valid in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Colombia. By 2005, citizens of the Andean Community members gained the right to enter other countries without a visa. To travel among the member countries, showing national ID cards is adequate.

ASEAN consists of 10 member states with a combined GDP of more than USD 2,55 trillion in 2016, which makes it the world’s 6th largest economy if it were a unified nation.

The Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC or EurAsEC) is a regional organization which aims at forming a Customs Union, Common Economic Space among the member states and coordinate the actions of member states’ integration into the world economy. It is primarily based in northern Eurasia. It focuses on enhancing the integration in economic and social realms.

The Eurasian Economic Community covers a territory of 20.374 million square km with about 180 million of inhabitants which coincides almost 2,7 % of the world population. The mentioned area produces 3,5 % of the global GDP. Eurasec countries have rich resources of minerals and raw materials such as industrial uranioum, raw diamonds, platinoids, gold,

Following the World War II, Mexico started to apply protectionist policies in economy and adopted import-substitution industrialization policy, contrary to the export oriented growth approach. Mexico’s policies aimed at gaining independence from American hegemony and promote domestic industrialization by means of statist and corporatist policies. However these economic policies caused a boomerang effect and Mexico faced a triple-digit inflation in 1980s while increasing its international debt.