BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER - Deneme Sınavı - 14

ASEAN consists of 10 member states with a combined GDP of more than USD 2,55 trillion in 2016, which makes it the world’s 6th largest economy if it were a unified nation.

MERCOSUR members triggered the protocol in 2012 which ended up with Paraguay’s suspension from Mercosur. It was officially claimed that President Fernando Lugo was toppled from the rule unfairly following his opponents blaming him by mishandling a fatal conflict among the farmers and low enforcement.

The Organization of American States (OAS) is the oldestandlargestinter-state,regionalorganizationin theworld.TheOAShasemergedasaresultofaseries of inter-state American conferences which started in the 1820s that established the Pan-American Union in 1910.

In the strictest sense, financial intermediation means the process of taking in funds from depositors and then lending them out to borrowers.

In developing countries, the main purpose of the pre-1980s financial policies, (especially in the 1960s and the 70s) was to boost industry and development by providing low-cost financing.

Good Neighbor Policy

United States no longer wanted to send its military forces to fight or its battleships to threaten governments in order to keep its influence on Latin Americans. Instead, the United States tried humanitarian programs in education, health, and agriculture; cultural exchanges between citizens and students; and it rewarded local politicians who followed U.S. advice. Besides US military trained Latin American armies.

To strengthen the peace and security of the continent.

To promote and consolidate representative democracy, with due respect for the principle of non-

intervention.

To prevent possible causes of difficulties and to ensure the pacific settlement of disputes that may

arise among the member states.

To provide for common action on the part of those states in the event of aggression.

To seek the solution of political, judicial, and economic problems that may arise among them.

To promote, by cooperative action, their economic, social, and cultural development.

To eradicate extreme poverty, which constitutes an obstacle to the full democratic development of

the peoples of the hemisphere.

To achieve an effective limitation of conventional weapons that will make it possible to devote the

largest amount of resources to the economic and social development of the member states.

OAS has many organs. The most important are: General Assembly, Advisory Board, Permanent Council, Inter-American Council for Integral Development, Legal Committee, Human Rights Commission and General Secretariat.

The General Assembly is the supreme organ of the OAS. Each member state is represented in the General Assembly. General Assembly is the democratic body of the OAS. It convenes annually to debate current issues, approve the organization’s budget, and determine policies to govern the other OAS organs and units. Its functions is to decide the general action and policy of the Organization, determine the structure and functions of its organs, and consider any matter relating to friendly relations among the American States;

RDB usually refers to four institutions: African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB).

The AfDB headquarters is located in Côte d’Ivoire

Most of the RDBs have two main funds called “hard” and “soft” lending windows.

Established in 1974 with concern for the possibility that international capital movements may lead to a global crisis, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS)- the BIS developed into a global meeting place for regulators and for developing international standards-has set forth the issues like business volume of each bank’s capital, whether banks have enough capital to protect themselves from high-risk, and relevant controls, in order to prevent risks that might arise within their own domestic economies.

Established in 1974 with concern for the possibility that international capital movements may lead to a global crisis, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS)- the BIS developed into a global meeting place for regulators.

The survival of these institutions depends on their engagement in a fierce competition between other “fund seeking” persons or institutions for attracting depositors’ savings.

Mr = Financial Intermediation ratio.

Mks = surplus of product in sectors that do not use financial intermediaries (their average weighted share in GNP).

Mc = Personal or corporate savings.

Msc = Inclination to unincorporation.

Md = the ratio of companies established through equity capital to the total number of companies.

Established in 1974 with concern for the possibility that international capital movements may lead to a global crisis, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS)- the BIS developed into a global meeting place for regulators and for developing international standards-has set forth the issues like business volume of each bank’s capital, whether banks have enough capital to protect themselves from high-risk, and relevant controls, in order to prevent risks that might arise within their own domestic economies.

Originally issued by the Basel Committee in 1997, the core principles for effective banking supervision were last revised by the Committee in September 2012. The revised Core Principles define 29 principles that are broadly categorised into two groups: the first group (1 to 13) focus on powers, responsibilities and functions of supervisors, while the second group (14 to 29) focus on prudential regulations and requirements for banks.

RDB usually refers to four institutions: African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Although each RDB has its own legal and operational status, they all share a similar mandate and highly cooperate with each other.

The IDB headquarters is located in Washington, D.C., with 26 country offices in regional member countries, as well as in Paris and Tokyo.