BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER - Deneme Sınavı - 9

ban Ki-Moon stopped the high-level meetings convened by the Secretary -General.

The correct choice is D.

International organizations are international legal persons which are established by an international agreement duly signed and put into effect by the governmental bodies of at least three States. The constituting documents, which are usually called statutes, accommodate provisions regarding the main structure, features and working principles of the organization.

International organizations are international legal persons which are established by an international agreement duly signed and put into effect by the governmental bodies of at least three States.

BRICS is a good example in this regard. Although a number of them are neighbours, five States (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) from different continents with different economic characteristics are now championing free global trade and even arguably aiming in the long run to replace global trade institutions such as the IMF and World Bank.

Best known and most quoted theories of international politics are realism and liberalism (idealism, rationalism). There are also a wide range of theories that oppose these two, which are usually referred to as critical theories/approaches, such as Marxism, feminism, constructivism and so on. All of these general theories of international relations are also adjusted to international and regional organizations.

Liberals (idealists, rationalists) think differently. They suggest that States are not (potential) enemies but (potential) partners, as they basically stand for providing welfare and peace to their respective citizens. It then means that cooperation especially in between economically coherent States is vital. Regional organizations in particular are established to foster common interests and thus realise the win-win principle.

Plenary assemble is the sole body that contains the governmental representatives of all member States. It is usually equipped with general powers and authorities regarding the structure and operation of the organization. It approves the budget, admits new members, amends the statute and so on.

There are organizations which are open to the membership of any “country” or even “territory”, provided that other criteria are met. These are usually “technical” organizations which claim that they simply want to take on board as much relevant party as possible and function thoroughly.

Five out of eleven founding members of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation are not coastal States.

Any State “having Muslim majority” may apply for the membership of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation which now has 57 members from all over the world and is effectively open to States “having Muslim population.

The host State which remains the sovereign of the relevant field in question in principle allocates and devotes it to the use of the organization and accepts to supply and ensure all infrastructural means, as well as the security thereof.

Regionalism has three displays in the UN
system: regional economic commissions (linked
to the Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC),
regional electoral groupings (linked to the
General Assembly and the Security Council),
and cooperation with the regional arrangements
or agencies as envisaged at Chapter VIII with the
aim of maintenance of international peace and
security

On the other hand, the UN Charter recognized
regionalism explicitly by devoting its Chapter
VIII to the provisions governing the relationship
between the regional arrangements and agencies
and the UN with the aim of maintaining
international peace and security

On the other hand, it does not provide a
definition of the “regional arrangements or
regional agencies”. This lack is considered as
deliberate to provide flexibility for undertakings by
a group of states to deal with a matter appropriate
for regional action which could also contribute
to the maintenance of international peace and
security. Some organizations such as Organization
of American States (OAS) and Organization of
Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) are
in the meaning of Chapter VIII. Arab League and
former Organization of African Union were treated
as regional organizations by the UN generally

These five regional groups are Africa (GAFS), Asia-Pacific (GASS), Eastern Europe (EEC), Latin
America and Caribbean (GRULAC), Western Europe and Other States (WEOG).

These five regional groups are Africa (GAFS), Asia-Pacific (GASS), Eastern Europe (EEC), Latin
America and Caribbean (GRULAC), Western Europe and Other States (WEOG).

As special cases, Israel became a WEOG member in 2000, thus able to put forward candidates for
election to General Assembly bodies

Still, it is possible to observe some differences even in the UN system of organizations. UNICEF
divides its members into regional groups differently: Central and Eastern Europe and CIS States, East Asia
and the Pacific, Eastern and Southern Africa, Industrialized Countries, Latin America and the Caribbean,
Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, West and Central Africa. The World Bank Group adopts a
categorization comprised of six regions. The World Meteorological Organization is the one that accepts
the most complicated categorization and calls them regional associations.

There are five regional bodies established under
the ECOSOC:
- Economic Commission for Europe (ECE),
established in 1947, Geneva;
- Economic and Social Commission for Asia
and the Pacific (ESCAP), established in
1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and
the Far East and renamed in 1974, Bangkok,
- Economic Commission For Latin America
and the Caribbean (ECLAC),established in
1948, Santiago,

-Economic Commission for Africa (ECA),
established in 1958, Addis Ababa,
- Economic and Social Commission for
Western Asia (ESCWA), which replaced
the former UN Economic and Social Office
in Beirut in 1973, Baghdad