BALKANLAR

The Cold War separated the pro-Western states in the region from the other regional states and Soviet values shaped the political, economic and social structures of Romania, Bulgaria and Albania.

The Warsaw Pact was established among the USSR, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania and East Germany.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY): the six republics that make up the SFRY are Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia; the two autonomous regions are Kosovo and Vojvodina.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY): the six republics that make up the SFRY are Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia; the two autonomous regions are Kosovo and Vojvodina.

Yugoslavia was expelled from the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) in 1948, managed to create a distinctive model.

The Non-Aligned Movement had grown quickly and become an undeniable balancing force to superpower politics and had reached its peak during the détente period between 1970-1980. 86 member countries attended the Colombo Summit Conference of the Non-Aligned States in August 1976.

The Brezhnev Doctrine gave Soviet Union the so-called right to use any means of force necessary in socialist world in a case where the socialist order and socialist way of life threatened. It was a clear message to other countries on the concept of sovereignty in the socialist world. Socialist countries should be free to determine their own paths, but they have a limited sovereignty and their actions should not be against socialism in their country and interests of other socialist countries since it was their international duty to serve and protect the basic principles of socialism against capitalism.

Romania’s approach in the 1970s by increasing trade with the West brought Romania GATT membership in 1971 and IMF membership in 1972, and Romania was granted most favoured nation status by the USA in 1975.

The issue that determined the fate of Romania, which became one of the satellites of the USSR after the Second World War, was the Percentages Agreement signed between the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the Secretary General of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin, on 9-20th of October 1944. According to the agreement, Romania was left under the influence of 90% of the USSR and 10% of the Western Allies (Resis, 1978, 368). This was how the process that would affect Romania’s situation in the Cold War period started.

The Warsaw Pact was established among the USSR, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania and East Germany as a result of the acceptance of West Germany to NATO in 1955.

The Warsaw Pact was established among the USSR, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania and East Germany as a result of the acceptance of West Germany to NATO in 1955.

Greece, along with Turkey, in 1952, became a member of NATO. The aim of Greece’s joining NATO was, to ensure its position on the West side as well as to secure its borders.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military alliance that was
formed in 1949 to contain and counter the Soviet threat.