AMERİKAN DIŞ POLİTİKASI

The founding beliefs of American foreign policy can be summarized as follows. First, America forms a distinct society from the European society at the time of its independence. Second, America should not get involved with European wars, but trade with all. In the literature, this is generally identified as isolationism. However, as Joyce Kaufman (2017) convincingly argued in her book, it is better to describe this attitude as unilateralism rather than isolationism. This policy does not lead to complete political, economic, and military isolation of the United States, but is led by the United States to choose where and when and to what degree to get involved in the affairs of other countries. Third, the United States should be a beacon of hope for the rest of the world. This idea of “shining city on a hill” is very important for the founding fathers and has shaped the way that the United States perceived itself for its first century and beyond. Lastly, the manifest destiny: The notion of manifest destiny is that it is the destiny of the United States and a God-given right to spread across the North American continent and create what Thomas Jefferson called “the empire of liberty.”

These four founding beliefs shaped how the United States pursued its foreign policy in the first hundred years of its existence. They operated within a broad social-political ideology that is generally referred to as “American exceptionalism” (Lipset 1997). This ideology is a foundational myth of American political culture. Its basic premises are as follows: America is an exceptional nation due to its unique geography, abundant natural resources, lack of aristocracy, civic basis of its nationalism, republican form of government, and its belief in liberty, individualism, and free enterprise. These give the United States a unique position in the world, the proponents of American exceptionalism would argue. What that role entails, however, is open to different interpretations and evolution over time.

Jefforson did not argue for the creation of a central power. He opposed the idea of a central power and argued for the creation of an agrarian republic. Thomas Jefferson also was suspicious of the alliance between commerce and industry. He was an idealist and pursued a pro-French foreign policy. This is partly because Thomas Jefferson was aligned with the French revolutionary ideas, and this idea led him to pursue a pro-French orientation.

All of the items are correct.

The Louisiana Purchase effectively doubled the size of the United States. It also ensured that no rival power would emerge on the North American continent unlike in Europe.

John Quincy Adams, the secretary of state for President James Monroe, played an important role in the development of American foreign policy after the War of 1812, including being the author of the famous Monroe Doctrine

In 1848, the war came to an end with the advent of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which led Mexico to cede 1.36 million square kilometers of its territory to the US including today’s Colorado, Arizona, California, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico, and Wyoming, in return for $15 million US dollars and the handover of $3.25 million dollars’ worth debt from Mexico owed to American citizens.

The causes of the 1898 Spanish-American War were the uprising in Cuba against the Spanish suzerainty and the sinking of the American battleship USS Maine.

Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick diplomacy is also known as the “Roosevelt Corollary to
the Monroe Doctrine” (see Box 5). While the Monroe Doctrine was a passive US policy toward foreign powers in the Western hemisphere based only on rhetoric, President Roosevelt’s big stick policy signaled the US willingness to become a policeman of the region and its resolve to go to war with the imperial powers overseas

Woodrow Wilson would emerge as the chief proponent of a new kind of international order that is based not on balance of power and secret alliances but one that is based on collective security, open diplomacy, national self-determination, and democracy.